大學生對全校運動會目標認同傾向、參與因素及涉入程度之量表之編製研究

Development of a Scale for Evaluation of Objectives Perception Tendencies, Participation Factors and Involvement Levels of College Students toward School's Annual Games

劉照金(Chao-Chin Liu) ； 莊哲仁(Che-Jen Chuang)

《大專體育學術專刊》 91年度 (上) (2002/05) Pp. 289-299

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200205_91.0029

摘要

本研究以社會心理學與休閒參與行為理論為基礎，探討大學生對全校運動會目標認同傾向、參與因素及涉入程度之內涵，以期研製一份適合評估國內大學生參與全校運動會行為之工具。本研究經文獻蒐集、學生與體育教師所提供資料編製預試問卷，調查台灣地區七所大學校院936位學生（男=460，女=476，平均年齡=20.53±2.97歲），所得資料經項目分析、因素分析、信度及效度建立步驟，結果顯示如下：（1）大學生對全校運動會目標認同傾向主要由「個人展現」、「教育功能」及「校園凝聚與互動」等三因素所構成，其解釋總變異量為74.23%；（2）大學生對全校運動會參與因素主要由「吸引力與品質」、「點名與強制」、「重要他人影響」及「個人條件」等四因素所構成，其解釋總變異量為78.88%；（3）大學生對全校運動會涉入程度由「自我表現關注」、「消極排斥與抵制」及「價值與意義的關注」及「重要性關注」等四因素所構成，其解釋總變異量為75.42%。上述量表及分量表經由內部一致性分析，其Cronbach α值介於.7303-.9565之間，顯示信度均在可接受之範圍。其次，經由項目分析顯示最後選定的題目，其決斷值（CR）均超過9以上，顯示這些題目均能有效分辨出高低受試者之特質。另以內部凝聚檢驗法，驗證上述量表建構效度之高低，相關值介於.368-.828之間，顯示三種量表均具建構效度。

關鍵字

全校運動會 ； 參與因素 ； 目標認同傾向 ； 涉入程度 ； 大學生

並列摘要

The current study of college students' participation factors, objectives perception tendencies and involvement levels on college annual games was based on theories of social psychology and leisure participation behavior. The study was aimed at producing a useful tool for evaluating Taiwanese college students' behavior toward school's annual games. The pilot questionnaires were gathered from literature, teachers and students. Respondents of this study were students from seven colleges in Taiwan, and 936 responses were valid (male = 460, female = 476, average age = 20.53±2.97 years old). After item analysis, factor analysis, undergoing reliability and validity processes, the results were the following: 1. For objective perception tendencies, factors were ”personal show,” ”educational function,” and ”campus integration and interaction.” The three factors could explain the total variance was 74.23%. 2. The determining participation factors of college students in school annual games were ”attractiveness and quality,” ”roll-call and coercion,” ”influence of significant other,” and ”individual condition.” The four factors could explain the total variance was 78.88%. 3. The involvement levels were factors such as ”involvement with self performance,” ”passive and boycott,” ”involvement with value and meaning” and ”involvement with importance.” The four factors could explain the total variance was 75.42%. The scales and that subscales went through an analysis of internal consistency with a Cronbach α value between .7303 and .9565 that indicated an acceptable reliability range. Furthermore, through item analysis of finally chosen topics, the critical ratio (CR) was above 9, showing that these topics could all effectively distinguish between differences in characteristics. Internal coherence tests proved the above scale's range with values between .368 and .828. These show that the three scales had structural validity.

並列關鍵字

school annual games ； participation factors ； objectives perception tendencies ； involvement levels ； college students