三種著地型態在二種不同高度著地動作緩衝期間之運動學分析

A Kinematics Analysis in the Cushion Period during Landing from Two Different Heights with Three Different Types

張英智(Ying-Chin Chang)

《大專體育學術專刊》 94年度 (2005/05) Pp. 556-569

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200505_94.0055

摘要

本研究的目的在比較赤腳、穿著護踝及貼紮等三種不同型態著地動作在46與63公分高度著地緩衝期間，踝關節與足後動作運動學參數的變化情形。12位大學女子籃球隊球員為受試者，平均年齡、身高及體重為21.67±1.44歲、165.25±3.44公分及52.08±3.87公斤。運動學資料使用二台JVC DVL9800型高速攝影機（240Hz）同步收集矢狀面與額狀面動作的變化情形，並以APAS動作分析系統進行數位化處理。採用相依樣本二因子變異數分析的統計方法（α=.01），達到顯著差異後使用杜凱氏HSD法作事後比較。結果發現：一、赤腳、穿著護踝及貼紮型態等三種型態在兩種高度著地動作的緩衝期間，著地瞬間踝關節的蹠屈角度並無差異，這顯示穿著護踝與貼紮的型態無法改變著地瞬間踝關節的蹠屈角度；但是貼紮型態能有效限制足後動作往外翻方向最大角度產生瞬間，以及重心速度為零時，這兩個關鍵點踝關節側面的背屈角度。所以在46公分高度較赤足型態減少23.24％的位移角度；在63公分高度時較赤足型態減少26.69％的位移角度。因此，本研究認為，穿著護踝無法有效保護踝關節；而貼紮的方式確實可以限制踝關節在蹠—背屈的角度，達成保護踝關節側面動作穩定性的效果。二、穿著護踝型態會減少在46公分高度著地緩衝期間踝關節側面的位移角度，而貼紮型態在46公分與63公分高度著地的緩衝期間，也會減少踝關節在側面的位移角度。為了配合踝關節的改變，膝關節必須增加位移的角度，來緩衝地面反作用力造成的衝擊力量。所以，造成受試者整體緩衝時間的增加。因此本研究認為穿著護踝與貼紮，會改變受試者著地的型態。

關鍵字

運動學 ； 緩衝期間

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to analysis the kinematics variables in the cushion period of landing from two different height with three different landing types (barefoot-type I; dressed ankle brace-type II and taping-type III). Twelve university female basketball players served as the subjects for this study. The mean age, height, and weight were 21.67±1.44 years, 165.25±3.44 cm, and 52.08±3.87 kg respectively. Kinematics data of lateral and rear foot motion in ankle joint were acquired simultaneously by using two JVC DVL9800 high speed cameras (240Hz). The video data was digitized by Ariel Performance Analysis System. The selected variables were tested by repeated measures two-way ANOVA (α=.01) and Tukey's HSD method for posterior comparison. The results indicated that: While the toe contacted the ground there was no significant decrease in the plantar flexion with three different landing types. While the time of maximum evesion was appeared or the center of gravity's velocity tended to zero, there were significant reduce in dorsiflexion of the ankle joint at the two moment, because of the factor that the ankle joint was taping. The same reason there were significant reduce in the displacement of the ankle joint, the type III was reduced 23.24% displacement in the 46cm heights and 26.69% in the 63cm heights than the type I during the cushion period. Because of the type II was significant reduce in the displacement of the ankle joint in the 46cm heights and the type III was also significant reduce in the displacement of the ankle joint during the cushion period in the 46cm and 63cm heights, knee joint must move more displacement for reducing the recreation force. The tape doses indeed restrict the dorsiflexion and provided initial ankle protection. The same time tape doses change the form of landing type during the cushion period.

並列關鍵字

kinematics ； cushion period