苦瓜以單層黑色紙袋、硬牛皮紙袋、雙層紙袋、雙層舊報紙袋、黑色PE袋、褐色PP袋及綠色尼龍網袋等7種不同材質套袋防治瓜實蠅試驗結果顯示,各種不同材質之套袋對瓜實蠅均具有防治效果,其正常瓜率均在70%以上。套袋10天後對苦瓜瓜果之影響以褐色PP袋增加15.52公分最長,雙層紙袋增加14.99公分次之。瓜果外觀色澤以雙層紙袋及黑色PE裝最雪白。每次套袋成本以雙層紙袋、褐色PP袋及黑色PE袋均為0.1元最低,經濟效益以雙層紙袋比較對照不套袋增加產量及收益分別為141及87%最高。絲瓜以白色紙袋、白色耐濕紙袋、單層舊報紙袋、透明PP袋及白色尼龍網袋等5種不同材質套袋防治瓜實蠅試驗結果,以白色耐濕紙袋之正常瓜率72%最佳。套袋7天後對絲瓜瓜果發育之影響以白色耐濕紙袋增加15公分最長,單層舊報紙袋增加14.76公分次之。每次套袋成本以白色耐濕紙袋、單層舊報紙袋及透明PP袋同為0.1元最低,經濟效益以白色耐濕紙袋比較對照不套袋增加產量及收益分別為172及146%最高。綜合上述結果建議苦瓜採用雙層紙袋,絲瓜採用白色耐濕紙袋,較目前農民使用於苦瓜之單層黑色紙袋及使用於絲瓜之白色紙袋,不但可以增加產量及收益,且可降低每次使用紙袋成本費分別為73及50%,每公頃節省紙袋費分別為13.2元及24.0元。
The melon fly (Dacus cucurbitae Coq.) is one of the most important insect pest of bitter gourd and sponge gourd in Taiwan. Covering fruits with paper-bags soon after fruit-setting is a reliable method for protecting fruits from the fly damage, especially suitable to be used in the small farming system. Present study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy and economic of covering fruits with different material bags for control of melon fly on bitter gourd and sponge gourd. The results indicated that no significant difference in control effect was observed among the fruits bagging with different material, however, the brown PP bags and white water-proof paper bags had the best effect on fruit development of bitter gourd and sponge gourd, respectively. The treatments with double-layered paper bag and black PE bag gave the best color appearance of bitter gourd fruits. Analysing from the view point of economic, it revealed that the double-layered paper bags for the bitter gourd and white water-proof paper bags for the sponge gourd gave the highest yield and profit. Bagging fruits with above mentioned bags for controlling melon fly could increase the profit to about 87% over control and reduce the cost of material to about 73% as compare with present recommended single layered black paper-bag for bitter gourd, while it could increase the profit to about 146% over control and reduce the cost of material to about 50% as compare with present recommended white paper bags for sponge gourd.
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