長期使用有機質肥料對毛豆與甘藍之效應試驗

Effect of Continuous Use of Organic Manures on the Growth and Yield of Vegetable Soybean and Cabbage

謝慶芳(Ching-Fang Hsieh) ； 徐國男(Kuo-Nan Hsu)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 46期 (1995/03) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199503.0001

摘要

試驗結果顯示，長期使用化學肥料容易使土壤酸化、鹽分上升，而化學肥料使用量愈多，酸化及鹽分上升程度也愈高；使用有機肥而不用化學肥料可使土壤維持中性，鹽分較低，有機質及一些礦物養分含量也較多。植物體分析結果，各有機區毛豆之錳含量、甘藍之錳和鋅含量都極顯著減少，而有缺錳或缺錳、鋅現象，如要進一步提高作物產量，毛豆似宜酌量使用錳，而甘藍則宜施錳和鋅。本試驗有機區之毛豆產量僅較化肥區微幅增加，而於有機肥添加綜合性微生物EM對毛豆產量增加之效果也不明顯，但有機區甘藍產量之增加就較為明顯，特別是於有機肥添加綜合性微生物EM時其效果更高。每一種作物對不同種類有機肥都有其偏好性或嫌惡性，毛豆較喜歡微生物豬糞堆肥而不喜歡雞糞堆肥，而甘藍則較喜歡微生物雞糞堆肥，但兩者似乎都喜好微生物稻草油粕肥。

關鍵字

有機質肥料 ； 有益微生物 ； 毛豆 ； 甘藍

並列摘要

Continuous use of chemical fertilizers may make the soil pH to go down and soil salinity to go up, and higher rates of chemical fertilizers will make them to go down faster and go up higher. Continuous use of organic manures without chemical fertilizers may maintain the soils under neutral and lower salinity conditions with higher organic matter and increases in some mineral nutrients. The results of plant analysis showed that the manganese in vegetable soybean and the manganese and zinc in cabbage in the organic plots all very significantly decreased to cause the deficiency of manganese or manganese and zinc. Therefore for further promotion of the crop yields it seems to be necessary to apply some manganese for vegetable soybean and manganese and zinc for cabbage. In this experiment, the pod yields of vegetable soybean in the organic plots were only slightly higher than that of the chemical fertilizer plot, and the effect of the compound microorganism EM to vegetable soybean was not significant enough. However, the increases in the yield of cabbage in the organic plots were much higher, especially when the compound microorganisms EM were combined in the manures. Every crop have its own hobby or disgust to the different manures. In this experiment it was found that vegetable soybean is fond of hog manure compost combined with microorganisms but dislike chicken manure compost, and cabbage is a fan to the chicken manure compost combined with microorganisms, and both of them welcome the straw-oil-refuse compost treated with microorganisms.

並列關鍵字

organic manures ； beneficial microorganism ； vegetable soybean ； cabbage