菊花品種對Erwinia軟腐病菌之抗感性反應及病害藥劑防治

Resistance of Cutting from Different Chrysanthemum Cultivars to Bacterial Soft Rot and Chemical Control of the Disease

劉興隆(Hsing-Lung Liu) ； 徐世典(Shih-Tien Hsu) ； 曾國欽(Kuo-Ching Tzeng)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 83期 (2004/06) Pp. 7-18

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.200406.0007

摘要

測試41個菊花栽培品種對Erwinia軟腐細菌之抗感性反應，結果顯示各品種間有明顯抗感性差異存在，同一個菊花品種接種Erwinia chrysanthemi者病勢常較接種Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora者嚴重，其中龍鳳小紅最抗病，而芬蘭小粉最感病。室內進行藥劑篩選結果顯示，測定的12種藥劑中鏈黴素、多保鏈黴素、鏈四環黴素、嘉賜銅、氫氧化銅及銅快得寧等6種藥劑，對E. chrysanthemi及E. carotovora subsp. carotovora等二種軟腐細菌的生長皆具有良好的抑制作用；又將菊花插穗基部以拌有農藥之滑石粉處理，結果顯示測試之5種農藥中銅快得寧、嘉賜銅、多保鏈黴素及鏈四環黴素，皆可明顯減少E. chrysanthemi引起之髓部軟腐長度及扞插苗倒伏率；進一步探討上述農藥處理對菊花插穗發根的影響，結果測試之4種農藥中，銅快得寧及嘉賜銅處理者，不會影響插穗之發根，而多保鏈黴素及鏈四環黴素則顯著抑制插穗發根。

關鍵字

菊花 ； 細菌性軟腐病 ； 抗感性 ； 藥劑防治

並列摘要

Cutting of 41 chrysanthemum cultivars were evaluated for resistance to bacterial soft rot caused by Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and Erwinia chrysanthemi. Cutting of the cultivars differed significantly in resistance to bacterial soft rot. Soft rot on chrysanthemum cuttings inoculated with E. chrysanthemi was more serious than that inoculated with E. carotovora subsp. carotovora in the same cultivar. Among the 41 cultivars tested, cultivar ”Fen Lan Shiao Fen” was the most susceptible, while ”Lung Fenq Hsiao Hung” was the least susceptible. In the in vitro test, the growth of E. carotovora subsp. carotovora and E. chrysanthemi was inhibited by several agrochemicals. Among them, streptomycin, thiophanate methyl + streptomycin, streptomycin + tetracycline, kasugamycin + copper oxychloride, cupric hydroxide and oxine-copper + copper hydroxide were more inhibitory to both Erwinia pathogen. Aforecited each agrochemical was thoroughly mixed with talc at different dilution rates, and chrysanthemum cuttings were covered with each mixture at the end. In this test, oxine-copper + copper hydroxide, kasugamycin + copper oxychloride, thiophanate methyl + streptomycin and streptomycin + tetracycline showed to be more effective in the protection of the chrysanthemum cutting from the infection of soft rot Erwinia. Root number and length of chrysanthemum were reduced by the treatments of thiophanate methyl + streptomycin or streptomycin + tetracycline, but not oxine-copper + copper hydroxide or kasugamycin + copper.

並列關鍵字

chrysanthemum ； Erwinia ； soft rot ； resistance ； chemical control