社運在網際網路上的展現：台灣社會運動網站的聯網分析

鄭陸霖 ； 林鶴玲

《台灣社會學》 2期 (2001/12) Pp. 55-96

https://doi.org/10.6676/TS.2001.2.55

摘要

本文研究社會運動在網際網路上互連關係的展現，我們就八個社運類型蒐集了相關的網站，根據網站之間超連結的資料，分析社會運動在網際網路上的關連及差異。透過訪談資料，作者發現網際網路匿名、去中心與快速複製傳遞的多重特性，一旦與社會運動勾連，可以展現作為資源動員（募款、徵集義工等）的工具、凝聚社群認同的空間、以及自主控制的另類傳媒的多元潛能。然而，不同社運間社會屬性的差異與網際網路技術特性交互作用之下，隨之呈現不同風貌。我們推論社會運動運用網際網路技術的程度與方向，主要受到三個因素影響：社運被大眾媒體邊緣化的程度、運動動員的現實集體空間性、與運動訴求對象的社經地位。此外，我們對於跨越社運的研究課題：諸如跨社運網的結盟形式、社運網間的親近性、以及社運網集中度對溝通效率的影響，也進行了一些初步的考察。本文以網站間的超連結為資料，透過結合質性與量化的研究技術，並發展出分析網際網路的新概念與新測量方式，對這些假設進行經驗檢證，基本上證實了我們的理論推測。

關鍵字

社會運動 ； 資訊社會 ； 網際網路 ； 網絡分析

並列摘要

Internet communication has been variously described as anonymous, de-centered, and placeless-terms that imply unprecedented potential for social movements in the information age. However, this technological potential is influenced by the specific conditions in which social movements are embedded. This study examines the dynamics of social movements as they are promoted and connected via hyperlinks among Internet websites. It is assumed that social movement homepages represent purposeful extensions of their organizations, and that the hyperlinks provided on these pages represent strategic attempts to disseminate ideas and to accumulate resources. It is argued that the three factors most responsible for determining the scale and structure of hyperlinks in social movement webs (SMW) are a) the legitimacy of individual social movements; b) the socio-economic status of the target audience, as measured by Internet access; and c) the effect of local-spatial agglomeration on movement mobilization. Finally, affiliation patterns and alliance structures among multiple SMWs are examined in terms of communication efficiency within the decentralized framework of the Internet.

並列關鍵字

social movement ； information society ； Internet ； network analysis

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