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臺灣地區大學通識教育的檢討與展望

General Education in Taiwan's Universities: Retrospect and Prospect

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摘要


在1994年大學法修正後,臺灣地區各大學獲得了課程自主權。過去數十年由教育部訂定之大學共同必修科目已經廢止,通識教育課程改由大學自主規劃。大學法修正迄今已有七年,有必要對各大學通識教育的發展進行檢視,以發掘其中問題所在,期能有所澄清與改善。本文在闡述大學「通識教育」的目的與意義,並回顧占戰役迄今臺灣地區大學通識教育的發展後,提出對現行通識教育之檢討,認為許多大學校院對通識教育與大學課程的基本認知偏差或不足,因而在實行上產生混亂的現象,再加上大學專業導向過強等整體環境的問題,在在影響通識教育實施的成效。文末提出四項改進之建議,包括訂立通識教育課程的指標、全校每一專業學系皆應參與通識教育、設置專責通識教育之行政單位(但非教學研究單位)、大學延緩分流或限制主修科系學分占畢業總學分之比率。

並列摘要


Universities in Taiwan were granted autonomy over curriculum based on the revised University Act in 1994. The so-called "common courses" requirement was then abolished and universities had to design their new curriculum, including general education courses. This paper aims to examine some difficulties encountered by the universities in designing and exercising the new courses. It was found that the concept of general education was not correctly established and its purpose was misused. Some professors, students, and administrators looked upon general education with disfavor due to the tendency of specialization of high education. This led to a paradoxical curriculum design at the beginning and a poor exercise followed in many universities. Four suggestions of remedy are presented at the end of this paper.

參考文獻


(2000)。88全國通識教育會議會議成果報告。國立成功大學通識教育中心。
(1999)。大學理念與校長遴選。臺北:中華民國通識教育學會。
(1998)。靜宜大學八十七學年度通識教育課程綱要彙編。靜宜大學通識教育中心。
Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching(1977).Missions of the college curriculum.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
Henderson, A. D.,Henderson, J. G.(1974).Higher Education in America.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.

被引用紀錄


劉淑蓉(2005)。我國大學生對「中國大陸」相關通識課程設置看法之研究〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2005.00001
Tsai, H. T. (2006). 大學通識教育的潛在課程分析:以兩所大學的兩門通識課程為例 [master's thesis, National Taiwan Normal University]. Airiti Library. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-0712200716130671
蔡志賢(2012)。高等教育課外學習核心能力及其評量指標建構研究〔博士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315292274

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