啟蒙與成長　台灣青少年小說界義及其發展

Initiation and Growing-up: On the Definition of Taiwanese Young Adult Fiction and Its Development

邱子寧(Chiou Tze-Ning)

《兒童文學學刊》 16期 (2006/11) Pp. 87-125

https://doi.org/10.6739/ttchl.200611_(16).0004

摘要

隨著台灣兒童文學日益蓬勃，長期在兒童文學底下發展的青少年文學早有成長出脫的跡象。迄2002年「台灣少年小說學術研討會」召開，實為少兒文學揭示彼此密切但各自體性不同的關係。青少年文學雖涵括各式文類，然其發展係以寫實小說為大宗；青少年小說以文本中的青少年主角為主要類別依據，並以青少年主角成長歷程為其敘事特徵，其語用在學界已為共識，唯細繹文類術語之形成，其認知卻未必一致。本文針對國內青少年小說選集分析，依其編選原則，觀察各自遴選的青少年樣本及經典文本形成之間的相互關係；另說明青少年小說、成長小說及啟蒙故事等用語其本源脈絡，希釐清術語各自內涵及其相涉，並比對用語譯入後之界義與發展。本文歸納認為，台灣青少年小說的範圍橫跨兒童與成人文學生產機制，其本質應建立在以青少年讀者為隱含讀者的基礎上，最明確的判準是小說中的主要敘事是否與兒童或青少年切身相關，期使青少年讀者藉由敘事發覺或驗證自己關切的事理，從而挹注成長所需。

關鍵字

青少年小說 ； 成長小說 ； 啟蒙故事

並列摘要

As children's literature has developed increasingly in Taiwan, young adult literature manifests itself gradually and then grows steadily in the arena of children's literature. Since the summit conference of Taiwanese young adult fiction in 2002, young adult literature has declared a state of difference from children's literature and has secured its place in the academy. Young adult literature includes all kinds of genres, and realistic fiction typically comes to be regarded as the main stream. Young adult fiction features adolescent character and his life. The usage of young adult fiction as a literary term seems to get a common view in academy in Taiwan, but the definition of young adult fiction needs to be clarified by carefully examining the development of the term. The paper aims at analysis of several anthologies of young adult fiction, and examines the relationships between adolescent characters and the texts. The paper then illustrates the original context of the literary terms such as young adult fiction, initiation story, growing-up novel to explain the definition and the development of Taiwanese young adult fiction. The conclusion is that the range of Taiwanese young adult fiction stretches across the literary production mechanism from children's literature to adult literature. The essentials of young adult fiction base on the notion of young adult as the implied reader. The most explicit criterion of young adult fiction focuses on the main narration whether it is closely related to children or young adult. Through reading, the young adult reader can realize and confirm what the story narrates and would become reasonable.

並列關鍵字

Young Adult Fiction ； Growing-up Novel ； Initiation Story