高強迫傾向者之偏誤性注意特性探討

Attentional Bias in Subclinical Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

黃瑜珮(Yu-Pei Huang)

指導教授 ： 張素凰

國立臺灣大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.00394

摘要

偏誤性注意反應（attentional bias）是以訊息處理歷程模式探討焦慮性疾患之病理發生和維持機制時，位於訊息處理前期階段的重要影響因子。其中，對於威脅性刺激的過度警覺反應常被認為是妨礙焦慮性患者認知功能運作的原因之一。因此，在強迫症患者身上，偏誤性注意反應亦與其強迫思考及強迫行為的發生間具有關聯性。然而偏誤性注意反應中除了對威脅性刺激之注意力警覺外，仍包括其他的偏誤性注意反應，例如：注意力轉移困難與注意力逃避。過去常被用來測量偏誤性注意反應的情緒史楚普作業只能測量到注意干擾的現象，而無法做進一步的細分。。因此，本研究以加入正向情緒刺激嘗試次之新版點偵測作業為測量工具，藉由2（組別：高強迫傾向組、一般控制組）× 4（刺激材料：強迫檢查、強迫清潔、正向情緒、中性）× 2（偵測點位置：偵測點位置一致、偵測點位置不一致）之混合設計，探討具高強迫傾向者在不同刺激材料上之偏誤性注意反應。研究結果顯示高強迫傾向者在點偵測作業中之整體反應時間較一般控制組來得長，且進一步分析偏誤性注意指標內容時，發現具高強迫傾向者在強迫檢查刺激材料中具有注意力警覺之特性，而對正向情緒刺激材料則具有注意力缺乏的特性。且具高強迫傾向者在認知處理速度上較一般控制組慢，除了威脅性刺激能引發偏誤性注意反應外，正向情緒刺激材料亦具有引發偏誤性注意反應之可能性。本研究則就以上之研究結果所顯示之意義與研究限制和未來方向作進一步的討論。

關鍵字

偏誤性注意 ； 強迫症 ； 訊息處理歷程 ； 點偵測作業

並列摘要

In cognitive views, attentional bias plays an important role to maintenance of anxiety and may cause the development of clinical anxiety disorder. Anxiety patients used to orient their attention to the threat stimulus and interpreted these catastrophic. Over vigilant to threat stimulus will interfere the process of other stimulus and build a vicious circle. In past, researchers used the emotional Stroop task to explore this topic. But the attention interference in emotional Stroop task could not be interpreted clearly. The present investigation, we used the new version of “ dot-probe task “ to discuss the attentional bias phenomenon in subclinical obsessive-compulsive disorder. This new version of “dot-probe task” would measure three dimensions of attentional bias, including attention vigilance, attention disengagement difficulty and attention avoidance. The present study was a mix design. The between subjects factor was group（subclinical OCD and normal control）, the within subjects factor were stimulus（compulsion checking, compulsion cleaning, positive emotion and neutral）and the location of dot（congruent to emotional stimulus, incongruent to emotional stimulus）。The results show that subclinical OCD’ s overall reaction time was longer than normal control group. According to attentional bias index, subclinical OCD display attention vigilance and attention avoidance to the compulsion checking stimulus, and attention avoidance to the positive emotion stimulus. These results indicated the subclinical OCD may have slower cognitive processing speed than normal control. And they tended to orient their attention to compulsion checking stimulus, but attention avoidance was followed. To the positive emotion stimulus, subclinical OCD display the lack of attention to these. These results may correlate to the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder’s symptoms. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

並列關鍵字

attentional bias ； obsessive-compulsive disorder ； information processing ； dot-probe task

參考文獻

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