建築預鑄工法與傳統工法於台灣及泰國之成本分析探討

The Comparative Cost Study of Precast and Traditional Construction System in Taiwan and Thailand

陳啟仁(Tanittpong Chanekasit)

指導教授 ： 曾惠斌

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.00472

摘要

建築預鑄工法是一種建造工法，它的方法是把建造成分的架構在工廠生產，然後把完成，或者半建造成分運到工地，採用吊車來安裝。建築傳統工法也是一種建造工法，但它的方法是把柱，梁和牆在工地澆置，而且會從放鋼筋開始，組立模板和澆置混凝土。
本研究以國立台灣大學長興校區土木研究大樓為例，經過了解建築預鑄工法和建築傳統工法之製程，做建築預鑄工法和建築傳統工法在台灣之成本差異分析，與做建築預鑄工法跟建築傳統工法在泰國之成本差異分析，也做建築預鑄工法在台灣和泰國之成本差異分析，及傳統工法在台灣和泰國之成本差異分析。最後做建築預鑄工法與建築傳統工法之時程差異分析。在比較部分，本研究比較柱，梁，地板之混凝土，鋼筋，模板部分
這篇論文採用的方法為收集資料，觀察現場，訪問有相關這案子的工程師，以及拍攝製造和設置預鑄成分的照片。研究過程中的比較準則為單價分析。單價分析分成2種類型為資源類型和工作項目類型。資源類型由材料，勞動，設備和雜項費用組成。 工作項目類型由混凝土，鋼筋，摸版，鋼板，存放，運輸，及吊放項目成本組成。
經過差異分析，可看出建築預鑄工法之成本在泰國比在台灣貴447,843 NT$，或者57 NT$/M2，或者0.9%，那是因為泰國鋼板市價與吊車租金比較貴。但是，建築傳統工法之成本在泰國比在台灣便宜8,167,667 NT$，或者1,033 NT$/M2，或者 25.28%，那是因為泰國材料和人工市價比較便宜。另外，建築預鑄工法在台灣之成本比建築傳統工法在台灣之成本貴4,796,655 NT$，或者606 NT$/M2，或者 11.85%，那是因為建築預鑄工法採用高強度材料，而建築傳統工法採用一般強度材料。泰國也是一樣，建築預鑄工法之成本比建築傳統工法之成本貴13,412,165 NT$，或者1,696 NT$/M2，或者 41.51%，因為建築預鑄工法採用高強度材料，而建築傳統工法採用一般強度材料，另為泰國鋼板市價與吊車市價租金比較貴。雖然建築預鑄工法之成本比建築傳統工法之成本貴，但是建築預鑄工法之工程時程比建築傳統工法短。

關鍵字

建築預鑄工法 ； 工程成本 ； 成本估計 ； 預製 ； 機械化.

並列摘要

Precast construction system is the construction method in which the construction elements of a structure are produced in the factory, and the complete element or semi-element is transferred to the construction site and installed by mobile crane. while traditional construction system is a construction method in which the column, beam, and wall are cast in the construction site by putting steel bar, forming formwork, and casting concrete.
The case study for this research is Tu Mu Yain Jiu building, National Taiwan University. The objectives of this research are to study the difference of precast and traditional construction process, and to compare the construction cost and time between precast and traditional construction methods in Taiwan and in Thailand. Moreover, this research compares the construction cost of precast construction system and traditional construction system between Taiwan and Thailand. In comparison, this research will only compare concrete, steel bar, and formwork of column, beam, and deck.
The research methods consist of data collection, observation, interviewing with related engineers, and photographs of the manufacture and installation of the prefabricated components of the building. In this research, the comparison criteria are based on unit price analysis. The unit price analysis is divided into 2 types which are resource type and working item type. The resource type consists of material, labor, equipment, and miscellaneous cost. The working item type consists of concrete, steel bar, formwork, steel deck, storing, transporting, and lifting-putting item cost.
Based on the comparison, the cost of precast construction method in Thailand is more expensive than in Taiwan by 447,843 NT$, 57 NT$/m2, or 0.9% because of the higher price of steel desk and crane rental. However, the cost of traditional construction method in Thailand is cheaper than in Taiwan by 8,167,667 NT$, 1,033 NT$/m2, or 25.28% because of the material and labor cost. In Taiwan, the cost of precast construction method is more expensive than the cost of traditional construction method by 4,796,655 NT$, 606 NT$/m2, or 11.85% because high-strength material is need in the precast construction system, but only normal-strength material is needed in the traditional construction system. In Thailand, the cost of precast construction method is more expensive than traditional construction method by 13,412,165 NT$, 1,696 NT$/m2, or 41.51% because high-strength material is need in the precast construction system, but only normal-strength material is needed in the traditional construction system, and also because steel deck market price, and high-capacity mobile crane market rent price in Thailand is expensive. Although the cost of precast construction method is higher than the cost of traditional construction method, the construction time of precast construction method is less than traditional construction method by 73 days or 45.63 %.

並列關鍵字

Precast construction system ； Construction cost ； Cost estimation ； Prefabrication ； Mechanization.

參考文獻

12.Trirat Jarutach, (1999), “Industrialized building for middle income family in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region”, Master Thesis, Department of housing, Faculty of architecture, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand.

2.J. L. Camba, and R. Meli, (1993), Precast/Prestressed concrete institute journal, ‘‘Case study of the performance of prestressed concrete buildings during the 1985 Mexico earthquake.’’, Vol. 34 No. 3, pp. 58-71.

3.J. K. Iverson, and N. M. Hawkins, (1994), Precast/Prestressed concrete institute journal, "Performance of precast/prestressed concrete building structures during Northridge earthquake.", Vol. 39 No. 2, pp. 38–55.

Thai

1.Butsabong Charoenphanyothin, (2002), “Housing construction process using partial precast technique: a case study of Chonlada Ratantibeth housing project”, Master Thesis, Department of housing, Faculty of architecture, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand.