蔣宋美齡與五O年代《中華婦女》的婦女論述

Soong May-ling and the descriptions of China’s Women Magazine of the 50s

劉珊如(Shan-Ju Liu)

指導教授 ： 梅家玲

國立臺灣大學/文學院/台灣文學研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.10289

摘要

本論文以五O年代的《中華婦女》雜誌為研究對象。在五O年代國府極力形塑備戰氛圍的情形下，這份刊物所自詡的使命便是透過雜誌內所刊載，關於日常生活教導的論述，來規範女性身體、灌輸女性「反共抗俄」的意識。對於女性讀者而言，裡頭所刊載的家務處理教導，或是和女性相關的各式議題，確實能提供女性不少生活妙方並開拓婦女眼界。而在這本內容包羅萬象的刊物中，筆者所建立的論述架構，便是自核心人物宋美齡在五O年代的備戰氣氛中，於雜誌內被呈現的新女性形象，觀察《中華婦女》裡的論述一方面盡力回應男性家國對婦女的期待，另一方面菁英階層女性又將宋美齡部份特質擷取、轉化、投射到自身，進而藉由刊物中所欲傳遞給大眾婦女的各樣生活教導，開展出一套新女性養成教育的論述。然而，宋美齡和這群菁英女性於社會位階中所處的位置，和一般婦女大眾有著莫大距離，是故，當她們欲將這些教導傳授給一般女性時，自然產生斷裂的問題。儘管生活經驗的差異，讓我們覺察到刊物內中西混雜的論述和大眾女性的現實生活相互齟齬，但菁英女性們所發出的言論無疑也悄然逸出國族論述的框架，進一步作為啟發女性能動性的助力。

關鍵字

蔣宋美齡 ； 《中華婦女》 ； 五O年代 ； 婦女論述 ； 女性身體 ； 日常生活

並列摘要

This dissertation uses the China’s Women magazine of the 50s as the target of research. During the 50s, Chinese government is trying to prepare the country for upcoming war; at that time, this magazine has given itself the mission to regulate the behaviors and implant the ideas of “anti-Communist, resist Russia” for women, through discussions of daily matters. As for female readers, the contents on house chore instructions, or various feminine related subjects were actually quite helpful to women on their daily lives, and to broaden their vision. The discussion structure established by the writers of this comprehensive magazine was in the exact presentation of Soong May-Ling as a new generation China’s woman in the 50s. On one hand, observing the discussions in China’s Women while trying to respond to the expectations of men and country; on the other hand, women in higher level of the society abstracted, transformed part of Soong’s characteristics and projected onto themselves. Thus, daily teachings in the magazine had developed into a new description of education, for new generation Chinese women. Meanwhile, Soong and these elite women are from a rather different social status than that of ordinary women, therefore, when they are trying to pass on their ideas, naturally, the gap creates problems. Despite differences in life experiences allows us to observe that the mixing of eastern and western ideas in this comprehensive magazine came as conflicts to women of the general public, yet words from these elite women gradually slipped away from the framework of Nationalism, becoming the force behind the inspiration of the mobility of women.

並列關鍵字

Soong May-Ling ； Chinese Women ； the 50s ； feminine discussion ； female behavior ； daily lives

參考文獻

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