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  • 學位論文

韌性社區氣候風險評估暨調適決策之方法發展

Methodology Development of Climate Risk Assessment and Adaptation Decision-making of a Resilient Community

指導教授 : 童慶斌

摘要


韌性社區為具有受影響可迅速恢復正常運作能力之社區,換言之,即具備縮短受災影響程度及時間能力之社區。本研究以社區受到氣候變遷高溫暴雨衝擊之危害為議題,發展相關方法及工具以強化氣候調適六步驟,協助決策者進行社區氣候相關風險評估及調適行動決策,並以提高社區韌性為目標;研究重點以社區減洪能力為主,環境熱舒適度為輔,並以新竹之設計案例社區為例,說明相關方法於氣候調適六步驟之應用。本研究建立小時氣象合成模式,以評估未來極端天氣對社區下水道溢淹及熱舒適度之衝擊;也建構最佳化模式以了解不同低衝擊開發設施配置對於社區整體排水能力之影響;另外也發展面對氣候變遷增強暴雨強度衝擊下社區排水系統改善之調適路徑圖,以及調適路徑監測與修正方法。小時尺度之氣象合成模式可以產生未來的小時溫度及降雨,並結合降雨強度-延時-頻率曲線分析方法,提供決策者氣候變遷下設計暴雨等資訊,透過低衝擊開發設施規劃協助進行有效的調適。低衝擊開發設施篩選方法及最佳化模式可協助配置與成本規劃之決策,藉由下水道排水評估,可了解社區不同規劃配置對排水之影響,探討社區尺度低衝擊開發設施之種類、性質與排列方式與社區排水韌性的影響。另外,調適路徑圖的訂定,可以做為氣候變遷調適行動方案決策與執行之依據,透過對各個調適行動項目進行分析,探討其先後順序及維持系統成功之有效性及期限,調適路徑監測與修正則協助調整調適路徑,以確保社區藉由調適降低極端降雨下之下水道溢淹風險,提升社區面對氣候變遷暴雨衝擊之韌性。

並列摘要


Resilient community is able to return to work normally soon after being influenced, which means that it is a community with the capacity to reduce the effects and time of the impacts. This study modifies and develops approaches to facilitate the systematic procedure of climate adaptation and help build the resilience of communities facing the impact of extreme precipitation and temperature under climate change. The study focuses mainly on the drainage capacity while supplemented by thermal comfort of the communities. Moreover, the procedure of decision-making is applied to a design case in Hsinchu, Taiwan, to demonstrate the steps needed for enhancing the resilience of a community. The developed methods include hourly precipitation generator, LID selection method, spatial optimization planning, analysis method of adaptation pathway, and monitoring and modification of adaptation pathways. The hourly precipitation generator is developed for assessing the risk of pluvial flood in future climate scenarios, and the daily maximum and minimum temperature are used to evaluate the risk of thermal comfort. Moreover, the study establishes spatial optimization model to identify the optimal low impact development (LIDs) layouts for reducing floods. Based on the effects of the adaptation measures, an adaptation pathway map can be build up to inform the decision-making of implementing the adaptation plan. Furthermore, the monitoring and modification of adaptation pathway triggers necessary adjustments to ensure that the adaptation measures can successfully reduce the risk of the drainage system and the thermal stress of the community. On the whole, the developed methods required in the decision-making procedure is able to increase the resilience of a community under climate change.

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