在學青少年就業狀況與健康之相關

The relationship between employment status and health among adolescent students

王純蕙(Chun-Hui Wang)

指導教授 ： 江東亮

共同指導教授 ： 張書森

國立臺灣大學/公共衛生學院/健康政策與管理研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201804021

摘要

背景與目的：在台灣，越來越多青少年在求學時期就參與打工。本研究目的有二：（1）探討在學青少年打工與健康狀況是否相關；（2）探討在學青少年打工，是否比較容易有不良健康行為。

方法：本研究使用「臺灣青少年成長歷程研究」（Taiwan Youth Project）第五波調查資料，該調查研究係以台北市、台北縣以及宜蘭縣國中學生為母群體，於2000年利用「分層多階層叢集抽樣」，抽出2,696名國一生為研究對象。第五波世代追蹤調查以電話訪問收集資料，時間為2003年10月，共完訪2,030位，其中1,772位高中生為本研究的分析樣本。本研究主要自變項為打工狀況，依變項為快樂感、自評健康、生重病或受傷、睡眠問題、抽菸行為與喝酒行為。

結果：在1,772位分析樣本中，共有455位打工，佔25.68%。首先，在控制人口學變項後，是否打工與快樂感、自評健康、生重病或受傷都無顯著相關，只有在睡眠問題相關上（OR=1.62，95%CI: 1.194-2.188，P<0.0019）達統計顯著水準。其次，在控制人口學變項後，打工學生比未打工學生容易抽菸（OR=3.17，95%CI: 2.068-4.845，P<0.0001）及喝酒（OR=1.81，95%CI: 1.239-2.641，P<0.0021），且達統計顯著水準。

結論：本研究發現：在學的青少年打工與其快樂感、總體自評健康及生重病或受傷並沒有顯著相關，但有打工的學生可能較容易有睡眠上問題，及養成不良健康行為，如：抽菸及喝酒，未來學校政策宜多加關注。

關鍵字

在學學生 ； 青少年打工 ； 健康 ； 不良健康行為 ； 青少年成長歷程研究

並列摘要

Objectives: Adolescent students in Taiwan have increasingly been seeking part-time jobs. This study aims: (1) to examine the association between health status and part-time employment among adolescent students; (2) to examine whether adolescent students taking on a part-time job are more likely to have unhealthy behaviors.
Methods: Data for this study came from the fifth wave of the survey of the Taiwan Youth Project (TYP). In 2000, the TYP project included 2,696 7th grade students in Taipei, New Taipei City, and Yilan County by using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. The fifth wave followed 2,030 TYP cohort members through telephone interview in October 2003. Of them, the 1,772 who were high school students were included in the analysis. The study: independent variable is the employment status, and dependent variable were happiness, self-rated health, serious illness or injury, sleeping problems, smoking behavior, and drinking behavior.
Results: Among the 1,772 samples, there were 455 were taking on part-time jobs, which accounted for 25.68%. First of all, under demographic variables controlled, taking on a part-time job shows no statistical significant association with happiness, self-rated health, and serious illness or injury. Only the variable of sleeping problems (OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.194-2.188, P<0.0019) shows statistical significant difference. Second, under demographic variables controlled, the students who were taking on a part-time job were more likely to smoke (OR=3.17, 95%CI: 2.068-4.845, P<0.0001) and drink (OR=1.81, 95%CI: 1.239-2.641, P<0.0021) than those who were not taking on a part-time job, the difference of which reaches significant level.

Conclusions: This study suggests that: whether or not adolescents were taking on a part-time job in their school age, is not significantly associated with their happiness, self-rated health, and serious illness or injury. However, the students who were taking on a part-time job were more likely to have sleeping problems, and form unhealthy behaviors (such as smoking and drinking), which is advised to be further concerned about on school policy.

並列關鍵字

school student ； part-time job in school age ； health ； unhealthy behavior ； Taiwan Youth Project

參考文獻

Creed, P. A., & Patton, W. (2003). Differences in Career Attitude and Career Knowledge for High School Students with and without Paid Work Experience. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 3(1), 21-33.

D'Amico, R. (1984). Does Employment During High School Impair Academic Progress? Sociology of Education, 57(3), 152-164. doi:10.2307/2112599

Green, G., & Jaquess, S. N. (1987). The Effect of Part-Time Employment on Academic Achievement. The Journal of Educational Research, 80(6), 325-329.

Greenberger, E., Steinberg, L., & Vaux, A. (1981). Adolescents who work: Health and behavioral consequences of job stress. Developmental Psychology, 17, 691-703.

Hudelson,Patricia M. & Perneger,Thomas V. (2004). Writing a research article: advice to beginners. International Journal for Quality in Health Care 16(3), 191-192.