居民參與都市更新意願之影響因素探討:理論與實證證據

Factors Affecting the Residents’ Willingness to Participate in Urban Housing Renewal: Theory and Evidence

李建佑(Chien-Yu Lee)

指導教授 ： 荷世平

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201601393

摘要

台北市目前屋齡超過 30 年的房屋已超過 54 萬戶,占北市總體住宅量約 60%。 然而依據台北市都市更新處統計資料,截至 104 年 12 月 31 日止,依都市更新條 例劃定都市更新地區的案例數,施工中的案件僅 65 件,已完工的案件也僅有 88 件,共 153 件。而經訪問專家得知:專家服務的都更公司在台北地區與居民協商討 論都市更新的案例一年可高達百件以上,再加上其他間都更公司的案例,在台北地 區一年內的與居民協商討論的都更案例數甚至可能超過千件。由於每年討論的案 例數超過千件而累積之施工及完工案例數僅 153 件,兩者相差懸殊,因此本研究 認為台北市目前由民間舉辦都市更新的進度較緩慢且效率不彰,除了行政上的都 市更新事業計畫送審的時程較繁冗外,較為耗時的部分為實施者(建設公司、開發 公司)與居民談判的過程,因此本研究欲探討實施者與居民之間協商過程中因子對 於居民參與都市更新意願的影響程度。
相關文獻及資料指出,都市更新成功與否之關鍵經常為居民可否獲得面積更 大或是價值更高的新房屋。雖然關於利益、具體上的獲利金額確實是都市更新不可 或缺的因素,但除了直接實質獲利以外,人與人之互動、心理層面之因素,包括社 區居民之間的關係及溝通因素、社區居民與實施者之間談判過程中的談判時間、信 任等因素,為本研究著重及探討研究的因子。
本研究的目的為建立一套計量模型,並分析其中的因素。整體模型架構的建立, 由文獻的回顧探討,經專家訪談,再進行假說的設立、模型建構、製作問卷與實證 分析,最後驗證原假說設立與研究成果比較,以及分析社區居民參與都更的因子的 重要性,並提出策略討論。
實證結果顯示居民對於實施者提出計畫之具體滿意度及對於實施者信任程度, 以上兩者因素對於居民參與都市更新的意願有正向影響關係;而談判時間因素對 於居民參與意願有負向影響關係,意即隨著談判時間增加,居民參與意願將降低; 另外,社區之溝通順利程度因素對於居民參與都市更新之意願並無顯著影響民眾 參與都更之意願。

關鍵字

都市更新 ； 信任 ； 社區關係 ； 談判時間 ； 計量模型

並列摘要

Currently, there are more than 540,000 houses which are over 30 years old in Taipei, accounting for about 60% of residence in Taipei overall. However, based on the statistics from Taipei City Urban Regeneration Office by December 31, 2015, the number of cases according to Urban Renewal Act delineated renewal area is only 65 under construction and 88 completed. According to an expert, there are more than 100 cases that the urban renewal developers negotiate with residents in Taipei every year in his company, and there are also other companies negotiating with residents. Thus, there might be a thousand cases in Taipei each year. Therefore, this study suggests that urban renewal held by private sector is in slow progress and apparently inefficient. In addition to the duration that the urban renewal business projects are sent to government, the more time-consuming part is the process of negotiations between the developers and the residents. Thus, this study would like to investigate the factors influencing the residents’ intention of urban renewal in the negotiation process between the developers and the residents.
Related documents and data show that the key to the success of urban renewal is that whether the residents are able to get larger housing area or higher value of houses. Though things about interest on the specific amount of profit is indeed an indispensable factor of urban renewal, in addition to profit, human interaction and the psychological factors such as the factors of community relations, negotiation time and trust between developers and residents. The factors above are what this study focuses on.
The purpose of this study is to establish a set of econometric model and analyze the factors mentioned above. The establishment of this study is composed of document review, expert interview, hypothesis and model establishment, survey creation and empirical analysis. Eventually the research results are compared with original hypotheses, and analyze the importance of the factors that residents participate in the urban renewal.
The empirical results show that the level of the concrete planning satisfaction and trust of residents for developers are the two factors that positively affect the intention for residents to participate in the urban renewal, while the negotiation time factor has negative affect, which means that as the negotiation time increased, the residents' participation intention will be reduced. What’s more, the degree of difficulty of community communication factor does not significantly affect the intention for residents to participate in urban renewal.

並列關鍵字

Urban Renewal ； Trust ； Community Relationship ； Econometric Model

參考文獻

王士鳴 (2013),「都市更新價值分配與試算之研究」,碩士論文,國立臺灣大學 土木工程學研究所,台北。

藍逸之、賴世剛、薛明生、蔡銘裕 (2008),「台北市都市更新地區劃定機制之初 探-交易成本與不確定性的觀點」,公共事務評論,第 9 卷,第 2 期。

丁學勤 (2008),「零售商的特殊投資對供應商的投機主義之雙元效果:干擾變數 的探討」,管理學報,第 25 卷,第 1 期,第 109-130 頁。

王耀星 (2012),「影響都市更新推動成效因素之探討─以台北市都市更新為 例」,碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學管理學院全球經營與策略研究所,台 北。

陳妍如 (2009),「集合住宅面積混合對社區管理維護影響之路徑分析」,碩士論