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  • 學位論文

利用 CPPU 檢定紅龍果花芽創始的過程

Illumination of Pitaya Floral Initiation by CPPU Application

指導教授 : 楊雯如
共同指導教授 : 江一蘆(Yi-Lu Jiang)
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摘要


紅龍果(Hylocereus sp.)為典型的長日植物,臨界日長約為12小時,春分過後花芽創始(floral initiation)的過程大約在8週完成。氯砒脲(forchlorfenuron, CPPU)破壞分生組織中細胞分裂素與生長素(auxin)的平衡,促使芽體不再繼續完成花芽創始,而是以當下的分生組織的分化階段發育而萌發。因此本研究利用此原理,於當年生枝條噴施100 mg·L-1 CPPU溶液,進行枝條年齡與長日誘導時間對花芽創始影響的試驗,建立詳細的紅龍果花芽創始的基本資料。 成熟的當年生枝條於春分前生長15.5週以上,在進入長日後即具有感受長日誘導之能力,其花芽創始於春分後7.5週時完成,萌發典型花芽;成熟度不足者,由於春分時未能感應長日誘導,初花時間也會延後。於春分後7.5週以CPPU進行檢定,成熟枝條可以萌發典型花苞,而未成熟枝條則僅能萌發大量部分呼喚型花芽。 此外,本研究結果也更精確的估算臨界日長介於11小時53分與12小時2分間,在春分前1.5週日長已可以啟動紅龍果的花芽創始過程。紅龍果花芽創始需時9週,包含5週花芽誘導及4週花芽呼喚,2017年初始萌花發生於5月19日,即春分後8.5週。花芽創始過程中,芽體由營養態轉變為生殖態需要經過三個形態上的轉變,包含形成苞片、轉變葉序排列、與形成花原體。於轉變過程中施用CPPU中斷芽體的轉變而逕行萌發,芽體型態因枝條接受長日誘導的時間呈現時序性的變化。

並列摘要


Pitaya (Hylocereus sp.) is a typical long-day plant with critical day length about 12 hours, and its floral initiation may complete around eight weeks after spring equinox. CPPU may interfere with the balance between cytokinin and auxin in the meristem and thus promote bud emerging at instant differentiating status instead of completeing floral initiation. The objective of this research was to build the basic information of pitaya floral initiation via spraying 100 mg·L-1 CPPU solution on current shoots that sprouted at different timing. Mature current shoots, grew more than 15.5 weeks before spring equinox, were competent to response to long daylength at spring equinox. After 7.5 weeks of the long daylength induction, the mature shoots completed floral initiation and emerged typical flower buds. The bud emergence of immature shoots was much late due to the incompetent of responsing to long daylength induction at spring equinox. Therefore, applying CPPU on 7.5 weeks after spring equinox, matured shoots were able to emerged typical florsl bud and immature shoots emerged abundance of partial evocation flower buds insteds of typical floral buds. In our study, the inductive daylength was predicted more presicesd, ranging between 11 hours 53 minutes and 12 hours 2 minutes, for pitaya floral initiation was onset 1.5 weeks before spring equinox. The duration of pitaya floral initiation required 9 weeks, with 5 weeks of induction and 4 weeks of evocation, and earlist floral bud emergence was recorded on 19 May 2017, which was 8.5 weeks after spring equinox. In the process of floral initiation, pitaya buds should transit from vegetative phase to reproductive phase. Upon the transition, the morphological changes of bract formation phyllotaxy alteration, and floral primordia formation should be completed. Interrupting the transition by CPPU, the emerged buds expressed sequential changes relative to long daylength duration that the shoot received.

參考文獻


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