水稻蠟質基因之DNA序列變異及F2族群之遺傳組成研究

Studies on DNA Sequence Variation in Waxy Gene and Genetic Constituent of F2 Populations in Rice

詹雅勛(Ya-Shiun Jan)

指導教授 ： 林順福

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/農藝學研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.02472

摘要

為探討水稻蠟質基因之DNA序列變異及F2族群之遺傳重組情形，以供分子標誌輔助早世代選拔之參考，本研究以台農67號（Tainung 67, TNG 67）、台稉8號（Tai-Keng 8, TK 8）、台稉9號（Tai-Keng 9, TK 9）、台中秈10號（Taichung Sen 10, TCS 10）、台農71號（Tainung 71, TNG 71）、高雄139號（Kaohsiung 139, KS 139）、越光（Koshihikari, KOSH）及台稉糯1號（Tai-Keng Nwo 1, TKW 1）等8個水稻品種進行蠟質基因之DNA序列變異比對。而後續分析4個雜交族群，分別為TNG 67 x KS 139、TNG 67 x TCS 10、TK 9 x KOSH及TCS 10 x TKW 1，以SSR分子標誌確認雜交成功之F1個體，再分析蠟質基因所在染色體（第六對染色體）和其他染色體之SSR分子標誌分離情形，及F2族群中雜交親本之遺傳貢獻量。分析全長約為5000 bp之蠟質基因DNA序列結果發現8個水稻品種間在CT序列之重複次數及exon 5中有一個A / C之SNP，可供選拔不同基因型之蠟質基因使用。分析4個族群中與蠟質基因緊密連鎖之SSR分子標誌均發現有偏差分離現象，推測可能來自連鎖失衡所致；但是在其他染色體上偏差分離之發生則因雜交組合及染色體而異。雖然TNG 67 x KS 139、TNG 67 x TCS 10、TK 9 x KOSH及TCS 10 x TKW 1等4個F2族群之父本遺傳貢獻量分別為54. 4 %、56. 3 %、52. 1 %及50. 2 %，均相當接近50 %，但是仍可發現遺傳組成與雜交親本（父本或母本）相似度大於90 %之F2個體（例，TNG 67 x KS 139族群），表示利用分子標誌在F2世代輔助選拔，以加速育種世代或年限之可行性，本研究結果可供水稻米質改良及早世代選拔之參考。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 蠟質基因 ； 澱粉 ； 偏差分離及SSR分子標誌

並列摘要

To study DNA sequence variation in waxy alleles and genetic recombination in early generation for the application of the marker-assisted selection (MAS), four F2 populations including TNG 67 x KS 139, TNG 67 x TCS 10, TK 9 x Koshihikari (KOSH), and TCS 10 x TKW 1, as well as their parents were used as materials. At first, DNA sequence variations of eight parental varieties were analyzed. And the true F1 individuals were identified with SSR DNA markers. The segregation of SSR DNA markers linked with waxy locus or in other chromosomes, and genetic contribution from single parent to F2 progenies were analyzed in each of four F2 populations. The copy numbers of CT repeats and one SNP (A / C) on exon 5 were identified from full length of 5000 bp waxy alleles of eight parental varieties. These variations are available for selecting individuals with various waxy genotypes. The segregation distortion observed in the SSR DNA markers closely linked with waxy locus was possibly resulted from linkage disequilibrium. However, the segregation distortion of SSR DNA markers distributed in other chromosomes was detected and varied in cross combination and chromosome. Although the genetic contribution (based on DNA markers) of parental varieties in TNG 67 x KS 139, TNG 67 x TCS 10, TK 9 x KOSH, and TCS 10 x TKW 1 were 54.4%, 56.3%, 52.1%, and 50.2%, respectively, several F2 individuals with more than 90% genetic constituents contributed from single parent were found (for example, the TNG 67 x KS 139 population). It indicated that applying MAS in F2 population to accelerate breeding program is a promising strategy. The results of this study could provide information for the improvement of rice quality and early generation selection.

並列關鍵字

rice ； waxy gene ； starch ； segregation distortion ； and SSR marker

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