功能性組織與矩陣編組之整合模式研究－幻象戰機維修組織個案研究

葛光越(Kuang -Yueh Ko)

指導教授 ： 彭錦鵬

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/政治學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.02614

摘要

我國空軍在民國八十年代換裝四種新型飛機時，幾乎有四分之三的戰鬥機同時在換裝。我國六十年來都使用美式飛機，並承襲美空軍後勤制度與文化，此次換裝法國幻象飛機，實為導入一種新的制度與文化，並讓一種新的運作方式進入空軍既有組織。雖然當時有人警告： YOU CAN NOT MAKE IT.（你們沒辦法做到）接收法國的飛機，且國軍正行組織精簡、後勤資源有限，終使空軍原有以專業能力為目標的功能性組織，轉型為法國以團體績效為目標的矩陣型組織並運作順遂，消除資源衝突與人力運用等問題，本研究旨在探討其成功的理論基礎，找出換裝過程中到底是哪些因素會影響到戰機換裝的成敗，以作為我國空軍未來組織換裝、或其他組織運作的參考。並在組織文化上探討飛行員與後勤修護人員兩者如何達到空地一家人目標之整合。
本研究發現幻象飛機之換裝為功能式組織與矩陣式組織整合之實際運用案例。情境理論、人性管理及人性面的導入，的確可增進組織成效及管理政策與實際執行的有效整合。中華文化中的家族歸屬概念，也可以讓領導地位的幹部找出創造績效的方法。本研究經由個案特性及整合過程之分析，建構一整合模式雛型結構，發現整合過程之制約因素，含有認同感、榮譽感與責任心、人員互動交流、勤務排程、等候工時、人員的生活、異動、專業能力、合作程度、督導與管理之權責等11項。經由個案與相關學術理論的比對，本研究發現編組模式中，包括提高績效、縮短工時、團隊學習、建立願景、競爭機制、共同參與、走動管理、人員考核、團隊歸屬、上下溝通、團隊激勵、獎懲文化及專心本務、穩定發展等項目，涉及的工作方法，公部門組織慣性、軍隊組織以及中華文化特性等因素，均將顯著影響組織之實際運作。

關鍵字

公共行政 ； 功能式組織 ； 矩陣式組織 ； 組織文化 ； 整合模式 ； 空軍 ； 幻象戰機 ； 後勤維修 ； 軍隊組織 ； 國防組織 ； 願景

並列摘要

In 1980s, the Republic of China Air Force (ROCAF) conducted four new aircraft conversion operations, in which there were almost three fourths of fighters involved at that moment. With the introduction of French Mirage 2000-5 fighters into the inventory, the air force therefore brought in a novel system and culture in its American style of organizational structure which has adopted over the past 60 years. “You can’t make it” some people said about our aircraft conversion operation, In addition, we also encountered downsizing and reorganization process and limited logistics resources. Nevertheless, the ROCAF made the utmost of efforts to bring the French management style pursuing final result in group into our function-oriental organizational structure and resolve the conflict of resources/personnel application. The study tries to integrate some mechanisms into ROCAF’s current organization to reach optimal effect and figure out the elements that affect the success of aircraft conversion as a reference in the future reorganization and organizational operation. Meanwhile, the way of how to unify the different opinions between aircrew and ground crew and from a common consensus toward critical goal is also discussed from the points of organization and culture.
By in-depth analysis and case study, it is found that the theory of public administration, aiming at implementing organizational policy and missions, is very helpful to the integration of functional and matrix organization. With the influx of situation theory, human management and consideration of human factors, the effects of organizational management and management policy and practical implementation are very much obvious. Moreover, the sense of family can also allow leadership to find ways to create better working results. By case study and relevant analysis in establishing an embryonic integral model, the restricted factors include sense of recognition, honor and responsibility, personnel interchange, task arrangement, stand-by hours, daily lives of personnel, transfer, professional capability, cooperative status, authority of superintendent and management. In a comparison between case study and academic theory, in terms of organizational models and cultural adjustment, the items such as raising results of working efficiency, reducing working hours, learning teamwork spirit, building vision, competition mechanism, common participation, management by walking about, personnel assessment, group recognition, communication between high and low level, motivation, punishment, devotion to duty, and stable long-term development, which touch upon operational method, practice of public sector, military organization, public administration theory with Chinese features, etc, can, after integration, be reflected over actual organizational operation.

並列關鍵字

theory of public administration ； functional organization structure ； matrix organization structure ； organizational culture ； integral model ； ROC Air Force ； Mirage 2000-5 fighter ； logistics maintenance ； military organization ； national defense organization ； vision

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