台灣家禽腺病毒之基因與血清分型、病原性研究及血清抗體調查

本試驗由無臨床症狀的一日齡小雞分離到八株家禽腺病毒（FAVs），萃取FAV分離株之DNA並依照Zsak和Kisary（Intervirology 22:110-114, 1984）的分類方法進行限制酶切割反應，可將此八株分離株區分為A及C基因群。另外，依照Raue和Hess（J Virol Methods 73:211-217, 1998）之分類方法亦可將此八株分離株歸類到與上述相同的A、C基因群，並可對照限制酶切割圖譜推測分離株屬於第1及第4血清型（FAV-1＆FAV-4）。以病毒中和試驗區分FAV分離株血清型的結果印證了上述推測。爾後進行病原性試驗，取FAV分離株口服接種103 TCID50於一日齡無特定病原（SPF）小雞，並接種cyclophosphamide測試分離株於免疫抑制下之病原性。結果A基因群之兩株分離株於免疫抑制下可顯著抑制雞隻之生長，但C基因群之分離株無須免疫抑制即可抑制雞隻生長。調查本試驗之八株FAV分離株來源雞場的10個血清型中和抗體力價，除了B場偵測不到FAV-3的抗體外，其餘血清型之抗體陽性率介於4.2%到91.7%之間。調查台灣肉雞、有色雞及種雞之FAV-1、FAV-4與FAV-8之中和抗體，小於2週之白肉雞其FAV-1、FAV-4與FAV-8抗體陽性率分別為58.1％、12.9％及70.4％，大於25週之種雞其FAV-1、FAV-4與FAV-8抗體陽性率分別為46.4％、12.1％與69.0％，其餘週齡雞群之FAV-1與FAV-4中和力價都偏低，但大於8週有色雞之FAV-8中和抗體陽性率卻高於76.0％，以上結果顯示FAV-8於所有雞場之感染皆是三者中最嚴重的。另2000-2001年間於台灣全省所收集之鴿子血清，檢測1080個樣本之FAV-1中和抗體與888個樣本之FAV-8中和抗體，結果均偵測不到任何抗體。

關鍵字

基因群；雞；家禽腺病毒；血清型；血清學調查；病原性

並列摘要

Eight fowl adenoviruses (FAVs) were isolated from day-old chicks without clinical signs. The DNA of these FAVs was extracted and analyzed by the restriction enzyme digestion method as described by Zsak and Kisary (Intervirology 22:110-114, 1984). The result indicated that FAV strains isolated in Taiwan can be grouped into two major DNA groups, A and C. Further comparison based on the method by Raue and Hess (J Virol Methods 73:211-217, 1998), showed that the eight Taiwanese FAVs were assigned into the same two DNA groups and corresponded to the serotype 1 and 4 (FAV-1＆FAV-4). The virus neutralization test of the eight FAVs also showed the same result. The virulence of Taiwanese isolates was studied in day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks. Each chick was orally inoculated with one strain of the virus at the dose of 103 TCID50. The results revealed that two DNA-group A strains significantly retarded the growth of the chicks with immunosuppression but the DNA-group C trains did without immuno- suppression. Serums from the flocks that the eight Taiwanese strains were isolated from were tested for virus-neutralizing antibody against 10 serotypes of FAV. In addition to FAV-3 in flock B, the antibody positive rates of the other serotypes were between 4.2% and 91.7%. The virus-neutralizing test was also used to examine serum obtained from white broilers, hybrid broilers, and breeder chickens in Taiwan. The seroprevalence of FAV-1, FAV-4, and FAV-8 were 58.1%, 12.9%, and 70.4% respectively in white broilers younger than 2 weeks, and 46.4%, 12.1%, and 69.0% respectively in breeders older than 25 weeks. The other age flocks showed very low antibody positive rates of FAV-1 and FAV-4, but the antibody positive rate of FAV-8 in hybrid broilers older than 8 weeks was higher than 76.0%. The result revealed that FAV-8 infection was the most common of them in all flocks. Antibodies against FAV-1 and FAV-8 were not detected in serum samples from the 1080 and 888 pigeons collected between Oct. 2000 and Sep. 2001 in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

DNA groups ； chicken ； fowl adenovirus ； serotype ； serological survey ； pathogenicity

參考文獻

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台灣家禽腺病毒之基因與血清分型、病原性研究及血清抗體調查

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