殯儀館之交通衝擊分析

伴隨著都市的發展，人口居住愈來愈集中，傳統在戶外空地或是道路上舉辦喪葬活動已經不在適合，民眾開始在殯儀館舉辦喪葬活動，再加上火化率的提升，造成殯儀館的需求增加。當殯儀館需求增加的同時，也會使得其設置地點附近會產生相關的交通衝擊，造成交通問題。本研究以研究殯儀館規劃設置為主軸，瞭解殯儀館可能的設置類型，並且分析評估各項可能影響的因素，並且瞭解這些因素對殯儀館使用量的影響，建立一套推算公式來推算殯儀館的使用量。本研究以台北市立第二殯儀館的現況資料做分析，去計算殯儀館的使用量，並且瞭解第二殯儀館的交通問題，進行交通衝擊分析。本研究根據國內的民情風俗，將影響殯儀館使用量的因素分為五項，分別為該地區人口數與粗死亡率、鄰近地區民眾至該地區殯儀館之使用比例、民眾舉辦告別式之比例、民眾於殯儀館舉辦告別式之比例、民眾於吉日舉辦告別式之比例等五項因素。此外本研究將殯儀館吸引旅次交通量的因素分為三項，分別為殯儀館禮堂之面積與數量、其他殯葬設施是否需與殯儀館興建在同一處、政府殯葬機構是否需與殯儀館興建在同一處。本研究以台北市兩處殯儀館做分析，得知火化場設置的有無會影響民眾選擇殯儀館地點來舉辦告別式等喪葬活動。此外由於我國民情風俗的關係，使得「擇日」因素也會影響到民眾選擇時間來舉辦告別式等喪葬活動，使得所謂的「吉日」成為殯儀館地點的尖峰時間，造成當日需求量增加。

關鍵字

殯儀館；火化率；交通衝擊分析

並列摘要

Due to the development of the cities, the population has lived in urban areas. The traditional way of holding the funeral activities at the outdoor places and roads become unsuitable. People have started to hold the funeral activities on the funeral Parlor; and accompany with the increase of the rate of the cremation, it increase the demand of the use of the funeral parlor. When the demand of the use of the funeral parlor increase, the site of the funeral parlor would result some other problems; for example, the traffic problem. The thesis use the data of the Taipei Second Funeral Parlor to analyze, and do the traffic impact analysis on it. According to the native culture and custom, the thesis chooses five factors that affect the use of the funeral parlor: the region’s population and the Crude Death Rate, the rate of the use of neighborhood, the rate of holding the memory ceremony, the rate of holding the memory ceremony on the funeral parlor, and the rate of holding the memory ceremony at the auspicious days of the Chinese calendar. The thesis also has three factors to impact the trip amount that the funeral parlor attracts from other places. The three factors are: the amount and the square measure of the funeral parlor, if other funeral facilities should build at the same place with the funeral parlor, and if the governmental funeral organization should build at the same place with the funeral parlor.