專業領域、肥胖與就業

Specialized field, obesity and employment.

吳偉銘(Wei-Ming Wu)

指導教授 ： 胡登淵

淡江大學/商學院/產業經濟學系碩士班/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2009.00044

摘要

本文旨在探討年輕女性員工於各專業領域下，肥胖對就業的影響，其中專業領域分為三個學門，第一類為商業及管理；第二類是除商管之外的社會組科系以及體育學類；第三類則為理工醫農。研究資料為國立台灣師範大學台灣高等教育資料庫的「九十二學年度大三學生問卷調查」以及「九十三學年度大專畢業生畢業後一年問卷調查」，以univariate probit模型進行分析。而由於肥胖與否可能影響就業機率，但就業與否也可能反向影響肥胖機率，所以可能具有內生性問題，因此，本文也使用具有工具變數的bivariate probit模型來進行估計，且以族群別中的「受訪者是否為客家人」作為肥胖的工具變數，以處理內生性問題。模型估計結果顯示：只有在商管學門中肥胖與全職就業間存在內生性問題，且肥胖與全職就業之間呈現負向影響。另外，還探討肥胖對學以致用的影響，發現商管學門中肥胖與學以致用有內生性問題，且肥胖與學以致用之間呈負向影響，而理工醫農學門中肥胖與學以致用也有內生性，且肥胖與學以致用之間呈正向影響。顯示商管學門中的肥胖者比非肥胖者可能有較高的機率分佈在非本科系的職業，而理工醫農學門中的肥胖者比非肥胖者可能有較高的機率分佈在本科系的職業。而若視肥胖為外生，在商管學門方面，會低估肥胖分別對全職就業與學以致用的負向衝擊；在理工醫農學門方面，則會高估肥胖對學以致用的正向衝擊。

關鍵字

專業領域 ； 肥胖 ； 全職就業 ； bivariate probit模型

並列摘要

This thesis aims to examine the impact of obesity on employment for young female college graduates in various specialized fields. The academic departments are divided into three fields: business, physical education and arts, and science and engineering. It analyzes the Higher Education Database in Taiwan by merging “2003 academic year, junior student questionnaire” and “2004 academic year, one year after graduating from college questionnaire.” This thesis uses a univariate probit model first. It also attempts to use a bivariate probit with IVs model, which controls for the potential endogeneity of obesity, since of obesity is likely to affect the odds of being employed and the employment may also affect the odds of obesity. The Hakka ethnic group--an instrumental variable--is used to investigate the causal relationship. It furthermore examines the association between obesity and “put what you have learned into practice.” The results indicate that the exogeneity assumption of obesity will underestimate the negative impact of obesity on employment and “put what you have learned into practice,” for the field of business and overestimate the positive impact of obesity on “put what you have learned into practice” for the field of science and engineering.

並列關鍵字

specialized field ； obesity ； employment ； bivariate probit model

參考文獻

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