不完整長期追蹤二元資料之插補策略

Imputation Strategies for Incomplete Longitudinal Binary Data

李紫熒(Tzu-Ying Li)

指導教授 ： 陳怡如

淡江大學/管理學院/統計學系碩士班/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2011.00202

摘要

長期追蹤研究期間常會產生遺失值的問題，解決遺失值的問題有許多種方法，其中一種解決遺失值的有效方法為插補法。Demirtas與Hedeker (2007) 利用在多變量常態下具有完整發展架構的多重插補法與應用隨機生成二元反應變數之演算法，以對於二元資料進行轉換，進而提出對於不完整長期追蹤二元資料之插補策略。由於Demirtas與Hedeker (2007)方法無法確保相關性矩陣為正定，以及必須滿足範圍限制使得其相關性才有唯一解。為改善使用Demirtas-Hedeker方法時可能會面臨到的困難，我們提出對Demirtas- Hedeker方法之修改插補程序，並應用標準偏誤 (standardized bias)，覆蓋率(coverage percentage)，和均方誤根(root-mean-squared error)等基準量測，討論在不同的遺失型態與遺失比率下，比較所提出之插補方法與Demirtas-Hedeker方法之表現差異。此外，並使用實例來模擬研究說明如何應用我們所提出的方法。

關鍵字

長期追蹤資料 ； 遺失值 ； 多重插補法

並列摘要

It is very common for longitudinal studies to involve missing data. The imputation method is one of the effective procedures for handling with the problem of missing data. Based on the well-developed multiple imputation for normal
responses and a random number generation algorithm for binary outcomes, Demirtas and Hedeker (2007) introduced a quasi-imputation strategy for incomplete longitudinal binary data. The shortcomings of Demirtas-Hedeker approach are that positive-definiteness of the correlation matrix cannot be guaranteed and the correlations need to satisfy the constraint for a unique solution. To improve the shortcomings of Demirtas-Hedeker method, the proposed methods can be regarded as the modification of Demirtas-Hedeker method with simpler procedures. The performance of Demirtas-Hedeker method and the proposed procedures is compared in terms of standardized bias, coverage percentage, and root-mean-squared error under various configurations of missing rates and missingness mechanisms. A real data set is used to illustrate the application of the proposed methods.

並列關鍵字

Longitudinal data ； Missing data ； Multiple imputation

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