空間再計畫之探討—以書為媒介的都市設計操作

A Study on Re-Programming in Design: Book as an Instrument for Urban Design Strategy

曹弘昌(Hung-Chang Tsao)

指導教授 ： 陳珍誠

淡江大學/工學院/建築學系碩士班/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2005.00107

摘要

在設計的過程中，原始的功能形式反映了設計者的構想。當設計不足以滿足使用者多元的需求和改變時，使用者就會以自己的經驗詮釋設計的機能。因此，為了滿足不同的使用需求，設計的形式和功能必須具備「適應性」和「再計畫」的特色。研究方法包含：1.從觀察及詮釋都市環境中的空間屬性及機能改變的現象。2.使用者行為的操作對於設計的機能與形式的影響。3.探討空間類型的模式及使用方式。4.以系統性的物體體系操作和聯想，掌握機能轉變的方向。綜合上述的研究方法，探討設計計劃的轉變。以下為研究的課題：一、 環境行為科學中的理論背景從環境行為科學中的適應性、多功能對於設計裡符號與形式的影響，還有探討計畫改寫與類型定義的轉變，找出不同於「形隨機能」的設計概念。二、計劃轉變的原因以「類型轉移」與「典範轉變」為探討的開端，歸納設計機能改變的影響原因，作為前期設計策略的操作模式。三、物體體系的聯想以在戶外閱讀為設計計畫(Program)，提出書的生活事件聯想：1.在商店門口擺不同的書；2.看書的身體姿勢；3.書的擺放方法；4.書的延伸類型；5.書的書籤。四、空間的再計劃將書的體系與台北都市的空間類型結合。以改寫都市裡各種設施、街道家具、藝術裝置、空間環境的使用計劃與屬性。使其與書產生關聯，並且建立出空間如何與物體體系結合的設計策略。由上述的設計論述探討設計被再詮釋的方式，以及從各種方向尋找機能被改變的原因。藉由物體的功能及形式複合在都市環境的設計中，發掘各個都市角落中多元閱讀使用之可能性，以提出將都市提升至「知識性」層級的環境改善策略。

關鍵字

適應性 ； 詮釋 ； 典範移轉 ； 複合機能 ； 多功能使用

並列摘要

In the design process, the original form and function reflects the concepts of the designer. Since the functions of a design object are not satisfied with diverse requirements for the all users, the users will interpret the functions of design by their own. For satisfying diverse necessities, the adaptabilities and the possibilities of re-programming are essential factors for the designed objects.

This research includes: A. observation for the properties of place and the transforming phenomena in the urban environment; B. influences of the users’ behaviors for the function and form of design; C. exploration of the typology and functions of urban spaces; D. discussions on the systematic design operations and associations for different design objects. The main research issuses are:

1. Theory background of Environmental Behavior Studies --
Finding the design concepts which are different from“Form Follows Function”, they are: the adaptabilities and re-programming from Environmental Behavior Studies, multiple functions in design, and the re-writing of program and design typology in architectural programming.
2. Reasons for programming shift --
Apply“Categorical Shift”and “Paradigm Shift” as a the first step of design, exploring the reasons why the functions of design transformed.
3. Associating objects with programming --
This research proposes that reading outdoors as a design paradigm and book as an extension of daily life. Several topics are discussed: a. different books are exhibited in front of different stores, b. different postures for different reading, c. different ways to allocate the books, d. different types of books, and e. different labels for books.
4. Re-programming of space --
This research integrates types of books and the typology of Taipei city to rewrite the plans for the urban design which includes the attributes of facilities, streets and urban environment. In addition, the relationship between book as the instrument for public arts and the strategies of urban design and are established.

From the discussions above, different ways of re-programing and the reasons for transforming function are defined. As well as, through the applying of complex and multiple functions into the urban environment, the possibilities for the open meaning of urban spaces will be discovered, and the urban design strategies for the “knowledge” aspect of urban environment will be raised.

並列關鍵字

Adaptability ； Interpretation ； Paradigm Shift ； Complex Function ； Multi-Functional Use

參考文獻

2004 《小處著手：追求完美的設計》陳正芬譯，台北：時報文化出版企業有限公司。

Christopher Alexander

Courtenay Smith + Sean Topham

Egon Schirmbeck

Geroge Nelson