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  • 學位論文

從萃智/公理設計論生態環境保育之奈米科技應用

Ecological Surrounding Protection by using Nanotech – A Viewpoint from TRIZ and Axiomatic Design Methodology

指導教授 : 黃乾怡
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摘要


A review of the research literature concerning the environmental consequences of increased levels of atmospheric toxin leads to the conclusion that increases during the 20th and early 21st centuries have produced no deleterious effects upon Earth’s weather and climate. Increased toxins such as CO, HC, and NOx have, markedly increased plant growth. With increasing competition in the market, expediting the problem solving process has become crucial in the industry. Conceptual design stage is very important than other stages such as detailed design or manufacturing stage, because it has most facility to reduce the total cost. For that reason, conceptual design should do to prevent waste of time and cost. Even if Engineers recognize that conceptual design is very significant, not much methodologies or tools developed for conceptual design. Moreover, most of them are base on psychology. However, TRIZ and Axiomatic Design are more scientific and systematic than others. In this thesis, the accessibility of Axiomatic Design and TRIZ methods in eco-design especially in conceptual design stage will prove with tools effort to develop a generic framework and the tools help designers make and understand correct design decisions. On the other hand, Honeycomb-shaped monolithic catalysts are the standard catalyst shape in most environmental applications. In the processes of the chemical industry, however, their current use is very limited. In this thesis, the status of the monolith technology for applications in the chemical industry reviewed. Application areas in which monolithic catalysts have superior performance characteristics discussed. Especially pre- and post reactors as well as replacement concepts for slurry reactors are expected to have a very good near-term potential for application in commercial operations. In addition, it expected that several adiabatic fixed-bed processes, especially those constrained by pressure drop or mass transfer, could benefit from the use of monolithic catalysts because of their excellent pressure drop to mass transfer ratio. A new and promising area for monoliths with a high thermal conductivity is their use in various gas-phase processes where multi tubular reactors employed. Nano-materials have an increasing importance and relevance in our way of life by influencing several distinct areas. Therefore, numerous innovative products have introduced on the market, such as chemical and medical equipment, information technology, and energy utilities, among others. The advantages of the use of nano-materials, which are related to their properties that are completely different from the bulk materials, turn them extremely attractive and with enormous potential. Among the areas that influenced by nanotechnology, environmental remediation is highlighted in this research. This so-called nano-remediation based on the usage of extremely reactive nano-materials for the transformation of contaminants. The developed nano-materials have properties that allow chemical reduction, as well as catalysis to degrade/transform, of the contaminants.

並列摘要


A review of the research literature concerning the environmental consequences of increased levels of atmospheric toxin leads to the conclusion that increases during the 20th and early 21st centuries have produced no deleterious effects upon Earth’s weather and climate. Increased toxins such as CO, HC, and NOx have, markedly increased plant growth. With increasing competition in the market, expediting the problem solving process has become crucial in the industry. Conceptual design stage is very important than other stages such as detailed design or manufacturing stage, because it has most facility to reduce the total cost. For that reason, conceptual design should do to prevent waste of time and cost. Even if Engineers recognize that conceptual design is very significant, not much methodologies or tools developed for conceptual design. Moreover, most of them are base on psychology. However, TRIZ and Axiomatic Design are more scientific and systematic than others. In this thesis, the accessibility of Axiomatic Design and TRIZ methods in eco-design especially in conceptual design stage will prove with tools effort to develop a generic framework and the tools help designers make and understand correct design decisions. On the other hand, Honeycomb-shaped monolithic catalysts are the standard catalyst shape in most environmental applications. In the processes of the chemical industry, however, their current use is very limited. In this thesis, the status of the monolith technology for applications in the chemical industry reviewed. Application areas in which monolithic catalysts have superior performance characteristics discussed. Especially pre- and post reactors as well as replacement concepts for slurry reactors are expected to have a very good near-term potential for application in commercial operations. In addition, it expected that several adiabatic fixed-bed processes, especially those constrained by pressure drop or mass transfer, could benefit from the use of monolithic catalysts because of their excellent pressure drop to mass transfer ratio. A new and promising area for monoliths with a high thermal conductivity is their use in various gas-phase processes where multi tubular reactors employed. Nano-materials have an increasing importance and relevance in our way of life by influencing several distinct areas. Therefore, numerous innovative products have introduced on the market, such as chemical and medical equipment, information technology, and energy utilities, among others. The advantages of the use of nano-materials, which are related to their properties that are completely different from the bulk materials, turn them extremely attractive and with enormous potential. Among the areas that influenced by nanotechnology, environmental remediation is highlighted in this research. This so-called nano-remediation based on the usage of extremely reactive nano-materials for the transformation of contaminants. The developed nano-materials have properties that allow chemical reduction, as well as catalysis to degrade/transform, of the contaminants.

參考文獻


[21] Maynard A. (2006). Nanotechnology: A research strategy for addressing risk. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies. Available at
[1] Canadian National Institute of Nanotechnology: http://www.nint.ca/
[2] US National Nanotechnology Initiative: http://www.nano.gov
Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, Technical Innovation Center, INC. Worcester,
MA, 1996.

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