空調負荷計算輻射時間序列計算法(RTS)程式開發及降低空調負荷研究

Development of Radiant Time Series Method for Cooling Load computation and Cooling Load Reduction Research

許庭嘉(Ting-Chia Hsu)

指導教授 ： 蔡尤溪

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2009.00080

摘要

伴隨著空調品質的提升，建築物空調耗能的比例有日漸升高的趨勢，更助長了供電的危機，也證實了建築空調用電是造成我國夏日供電危機的主因，而空調負荷是研究空調系統耗能的基本依據。雖然較精準之空調負荷計算軟體以容易取得，但這些軟體很多皆需要許多複雜之輸入，這往往會造成許多時間的浪費，而過於繁複的輸入使得一般使用者無法正確使用。
因此本文基於此一原因，使用之RTS(Radiant Time Series)法為美國ASHRAE近年來推行之空調負荷計算方法，由基本理論出發，發展一套空調負荷計算之程式RTS-1。RTS-1空調負荷計算程式為了更貼近台灣環境，也將台灣常用建材加入程式資料庫，且資料庫內容可隨使用者需求做變更，使負荷計算結果與實際情形更相符。本程式與DOE-2驗證比對後誤差皆在10%以內。本研究使用一「參考案例」的辦公大樓，以RTS-1為工具來分析其空調負荷。再選出對空調負荷影響較大之幾項變因，如建築外殼、建築開窗率、室溫設定、建築物方位、遮陽有效長度等，經由這些變因之負荷模擬計算求得其空調負荷，進而檢討分析各變因對空調負荷的影響程度，其結果能為台灣的設計條件提供更精準的數據，以期能降低空調負荷。

關鍵字

空調負荷 ； 降低負荷 ； RTS

並列摘要

Air-conditioning requirement demand has been increasing, resulting in higher power consumption due to air-conditioning for buildings. Power use for building air-conditioning has been the main reason for summer electric peak demand. However, cooling conditioning load is basic in the research of building energy consumption. Although computer programs for accurate air-conditioning calculations are available, but they normally require complicated input and cause waste of time.
The objective of this study was to write a computer program using the new cooling load calculation method, RTS(Radiant Time Series). RTS was recently developed by ASHRAE, has the advantages of simple input with high accuracy. The basic principles of cooling load calculation were used together with the basic elements of RTS and the result is a cooling load calculation program RTS-1. Building materials commonly used in Taiwan were built in the program library. Periodic response factors for a local type of wall were generated. Comparison with DOE-2 was found to be within 10% of difference. Moreover, this study made used of a typical office building to analyze the load factors such as building envelope, fenestration ratio, temperature setting, building orientation, external shading, etc. Reduction of cooling load was analyzed by variation of these factors.

並列關鍵字

air-conditioning load ； load reduction ； radian time series

參考文獻

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