以「工業合作」達成國防產業提昇及軍事採購雙贏策略研究

The Research of Win-Win Strategies between Promoting National Defenses Industry and Military Purchases through “Industrial Cooperation”

黃長齡(Chang-Lin Huang)

指導教授 ： 王河星

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理系EMBA班/碩士(2008年)

摘要

「工業合作(INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION)」，國際間一般稱為補償貿易(OFFSET)，係指政府利用對外採購案要求外國承商依採購案總金額某一特定比例額度(稱之為「工業合作額度（Credit）」)，在國內從事投資、採購、研發、訓練、技術引進及行銷協助等工商業活動。
國防科技與產業發展，需結合整體國力與科技能力始能達成，由統計資料顯示，國軍武器採購所提供工業合作額度高達總額度之75%，以我未來在國防武器裝備的需求性及購買力，運用軍事採購來爭取工業合作的機會、獲得技術移轉，乃是取得重要「技術」最經濟有效的管道及協助產業發展最有利工具。
研究中為在選用武器系統、滿足我軍事作戰需求之同時，促使國防科技產業提昇，尋訂出雙贏需求項目應包括：軍事需求、產業需求、作業規定、廠商資格、售方意願、國家壓力、個人偏好、立院立場、利益團體、政黨意識等，並爰引SWOT分析及歸納法，對「工業合作」達成國防產業提昇及軍事採購「雙贏」綜合分析出具體策略建議如后：
一、以「利潤主導、市場評鑑」策略，提升科技研發能力。
二、以「知識國防、資訊平台」策略，奠定國防科技及軍備產業發展良基。
三、以「提高技術移轉比重、重視共同研發」策略，奠立關鍵技術交換條件或籌購先進武器系統的籌碼。
四、以「創造利潤價值、突破國際市場」原則，共創雙嬴。
五、發展「軍民兩用兩利」產業，整合軍、民間企業，凝聚產業實力。

關鍵字

工業合作 ； 技術轉移 ； 國防科技與產業 ； 雙贏策略

並列摘要

Generally, the “Industrial Cooperation” referred as “Offset” by International Community. “Industrial Cooperation” is Government purchases cases from foreign acquisition that asks the contractors “Amounting to a certain percentage( so-called Industrial Cooperation Credits) of the procurement contract overall value” to perform domestic investments, acquisitions, R&D, trainings, technology transfer, marketing assistance and other such industrial and commercial activities.
Proponents of the win-win strategy try to achieve the development of Defense Technology and Industry, it recognizes that there may be overall national power and technology capability must be involved in the resolution. The Industrial Cooperation Credits provided by Armed Forces weapon system procurements account to 75% of the total credits, and based on the requirements for and procurement capability of defense weapon systems, the utilizing of military procurements to strive for the opportunity of Industrial Cooperation, acquiring Technology Transfer becomes the most cost-effective channel to acquire critical technology and most advantageous tool to assist in industry development.
For meeting the requirements of selecting weapon systems and satisfying military operation needs, and promoting defense technology industry at the same time, the study formulated the following items for the requirements of win-win situation: military requirements, industry needs, operation regulations, manufacturer qualifications, contractor willingness, country pressure, personal preference, Legislative Yuan’s position, interesting parties, and political ideology. The study exercises SWOT and Induction Methodology on the combined analysis for achieving the win-win situation of promoting defense industry and military procurement, and made the following concrete strategic recommendations:
1.Utilize the strategy of “profit oriented, market evaluation” to promote the capability for technology R&D.
2.Employ the strategy of “knowledge defense, information platform” to lay the foundation for the development of defense technology and armament industry.
3.Apply the strategy of “ promoting the weight of technology, focusing on joint R&D” to found the exchange terms for critical technology, or to gain the bargaining chips for acquiring advanced weapon systems.
4.Exploit the principle of “creating profit value, breaking through the international market” to jointly achieve win-win situation.
5.Develop “military and civilian dual usage and mutual interest” industries, integrate military and civilian enterprise, and cohere the strength of the industrial sector.

並列關鍵字

Industrial Cooperation ； Technology Transfer ； National Defence Industry ； Win-Win Strategy

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