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  • 學位論文

天然氣地下管型儲氣槽安全規劃與設計之研究

Safety Planning and Design for Underground Pipe-Type Natural Gas Holders

指導教授 : 施邦築
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摘要


城鎮瓦斯公司負責以配管方式將天然氣供應轄區內之工商業及家庭用戶使用,除受政府的管轄及監督外,並負有維持天然氣穩定供應及確保天然氣品質與安全的義務責任。因應城鎮瓦斯供應之特點,能於每日尖峰用氣時段穩定供氣,須設置儲氣管槽,儲存離峰時段過剩氣量,並於尖峰時段將管槽內所儲存之天然氣補充區域供氣,同時做為上游供應商事故中斷供應之備援,並儲存足可供應下游用戶所需之供應量。 藉由天然氣地下管型儲氣槽之安全規劃設計,探討有關地下儲槽之安全設計因素及防止災害發生之多種考量方式,如:管槽結構、地震應力分析、埋管耐震設計、防災設施、核算及驗證符合規範安全要求等。隨著天然氣系統逐漸朝向大用量、長距離與多段壓力綜合性系統的發展,其結構日趨複雜,一旦發生意外災害將造成重大的損失,故天然氣地下管型儲氣槽之建造應特別考量其安全規劃與設計之要求。 天然氣之災害,以洩露之事故居多,為有效控制地下管型儲氣槽引起災害的誘因產生,應依照規範進行安全規劃設計,本研究發現,除人力不可控制之天然災害外,其他因外力破壞、管理疏失、操作不當、或因材質、施工不良等因素,即在人力未予控制所引起之人為災害外,係可經由安全設計、有效安全距離、避免延燒造二次災害、防災區塊化、隔離閥、主動式防災、管線耐震設計檢核、土地有效利用、施工品質控制、操作安全、定期維護保養、教育訓練及應變演習訓練等,以達到預防之功效。

並列摘要


The town gas company responsible for the gas supply piping system within the jurisdiction of the industrial, commercial and domestic users, in addition to the jurisdiction and supervision by the government, but also for the maintenance of a stable supply of natural gas and natural gas to ensure quality and safety obligations responsibilities. In response to the characteristics of urban gas supply, the gas can on a daily peak periods stable gas supply shall be provided with gas pipe-type gas holders, storage excess gas off-peak hours, and during peak hours will supplement the pipe-type natural gas holders storage area for gas, while as upstream suppliers accident interrupts the supply of redundancy, and save enough to supply the required supply of downstream users. By safety planning and design for underground pipe-type natural gas holders, investigating the safety of underground gas holders design factors and prevent disasters from occurring variety of reasons, such as: pipe-type gas holders structure, seismic stress analysis, pipe-type gas holders seismic design, disaster prevention facilities, check and verification of compliance safety requirements. With the natural gas system gradually toward large amount of long-distance and multi-stage pressure integrated system development, the growing complexity of its structure, in the event of an accident will result in significant loss disaster, so underground pipe-type natural gas holders should be particularly considered in the construction of its security planning and design requirements. The natural gas disasters, in order to gas leak the accident mostly, for the effective control of underground pipe-type natural gas holders caused disasters generate incentives should follow the norms for security planning and design, this study found that, in addition to human uncontrollable natural disasters, the other due to external damage , management negligence, improper operation, or because of material, poor construction and other factors, which were not in the labor of man-made disaster caused by the control, the system design via safe and effective safe distance, to avoid spread and secondary disasters, disaster prevention and blocked , isolation valves, active disaster prevention, pipeline seismic design checklist, effective use of land, construction quality control, safe operation, regular maintenance, training and contingency drills, in order to achieve the prevention of the effect.

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