公路監理機關汽車檢驗員之專業職能研究

A Study of the Professional Competencies of Vehicle Inspectors in the Motor Vehicle Division

王群翔(Chun-Hsian Wang)

指導教授 ： 張仁家

國立臺北科技大學/人文與科學學院/技術及職業教育研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2010.00336

摘要

汽車檢驗員為公路監理機關執行汽車檢驗之要角，並隨著車輛檢驗數量大幅增加及汽車科技不斷日益精進下，汽車檢驗員必須規劃符合實際需求之訓練，期以做出最好之服務，讓民眾車輛安全獲得最佳之保障。因此，培訓汽車檢驗員使其具有專業職能，乃值得研究之課題。
基於上述本研究旨在探討汽車檢驗員之專業職能，首先藉由文獻探討及專家訪談方式，瞭解汽車檢驗員之職能內涵，然後編製專家問卷，做為研究之調查工具，調查公路監理相關單位內之正、副首長、車輛檢驗主管及資深汽車檢驗人員共30名，針對應具備之職能，包括汽車檢驗員之背景條件(學歷、教育程度、專業證照、駕照、工作經驗)及人格特質、知識、技能之要項。在進行專家問卷調查後，針對職能項目之重要等級、使用頻率、難易度加以分析，使用重要等級、使用頻率兩項指標，劃分職能層級為必備、應備及可備之知識及技能，再以職能層級（必備、應備及可備）與難易度為指標，定義職能5種等級（A、B、C、D、E），其中包含有9種組合，以第A級為職能訓練優先項目，依此類推至第E級，同時採用斯皮爾曼等級相關（Spearman’s Rank Correlation），進行管理專家與實務專家在知識與技能之重要等級、使用頻率、難易度考驗其一致性。

最後本研究獲得結論有：
一、 公路監理機關汽車檢驗員應具備之背景條件，在「學歷」方面為「車輛科系」；在「專業證照」方面為「小型車檢驗員」；在「駕照」方面為「大客車或大貨車」；在「教育程度」方面為「高職畢業」；在「工作經歷」方面為「有汽車檢驗工作經驗」或「有汽車專長者，可不具工作經驗」。
二、 公路監理機關汽車檢驗員應具備之人格特質有15項，以具有「廉潔自愛」、「專業道德」、「良好工作態度」為最重要之特質。
三、 公路監理機關汽車檢驗員應具之知識33項，包含有必備知識18項、應備知識10項、可備技能5項，其中A級5項，B級23項，C級1項，D級2項，E級2項。
四、 公路監理機關汽車檢驗員應具備之技能24項，包含有必備技能15項、應備技能6項、可備技能3項，其中A級9項，B級12項，C級0項，D級3項，E級0項。
五、 在知識部分「重要等級」達到顯著有「先進汽車知識」1項，「使用頻率」達到顯著有「先進汽車知識」、「一般監理知識」2項，「難易度」達到顯著有「傳統汽車知識」1項。
六、 在技能部分「重要等級」達到顯著有「檢驗設備操作技能」1項，「使用頻率」達到顯著有「檢驗設備操作技能」、「車輛駕駛保修技能」、「法規法令說明技能」、「一般監理知識」4項，「難易度」達到顯著有「檢驗設備操作技能」、「法規法令說明技能」2項。

關鍵字

公路監理機關 ； 汽車檢驗員 ； 專業職能

並列摘要

Vehicle Inspector is a key-man in Motor Vehicle Division on executing the vehicle inspection. Since the vehicle volume is increaseing rapidly and the vehicle technology is also upgrading day by day. The vehicle inspector needs optimized training, in order to get good inspecting knowledge and to protect the vehicle safety. Therefore, to cultivate the vehicle inspector with professional competencies and make him with correct knowledge and skill in vehicle inspecting is the topic being worthy consideration.
In view of above, it is necessary to know the item of inspecting competencies, then to plan a complete training course for the vehicle inspector. The main goal of this study is to analyze the professional competencies for the vehicle inspector. And the studying way is by related document study and by professional interview, which is to collect the key items of vehicle inspector’s professional competencies, and then to edit the questionnaire for being the research tool. And then being through the questionnaire filling by Motor Vehicle Division’s vehicle inspecting chiefs and experienced vehicle inspectors for 30 person including managing expert and practical expert, to get the common sense and derive the necessary professional competencies for vehicle inspection. It includes the vehicle inspector’s background (major field, professional certificate, driving license level, education level, working experience), personal characteristic, knowledge & skill. From the filled questionnaire to collect the “degree of importance”, “frequencies of usage”, “and difficulties of various” for competent items, and to analyze the collected data. Then according the index of “degree of importance” and “frequencies of usage”, to identify the “Competencies Level” into “must-be”, “should-be” and “may-be” of knowledge and skill. Based on the “Competencies Level” and index of “difficulties of various” to define 5 kinds (A, B, C, D, E) of “Competencies Grade” and with 9 kinds of combination. “A” grade is prior training item, and according this way to analogizes to “E” grade. Using “Spearman Rank Correlation Theory” to do the unanimous trial test on the “degree of importance”, “frequencies of usage”, and “difficulties of various” from the knowledge & skill of managing and practical expert. After collecting and sorting the data & comment from the expert interview and questionnaire filling, and then to edit the conclusion & to summit the suggestion for completing this studying goal. The main of conclusion of this study is as following:
1. The necessary background of vehicle inspector from Motor Vehicle Division: Major field should be vehicle engineering, Professional certificate should have the certificate of inspector on small vehicle, Driving license should have the license of large bus or large truck, Educational level should be at least graduating from vocational high school, Working experience should be having working experience in vehicle inspecting or having specialty on vehicle, who can be without working experience.
2. There are 15 items of personal characteristic for vehicle inspector from Motor Vehicle Division. And the best personal characteristics are probity, professional morality and good working attitude.
3. There are 33 items of necessary knowledge for the vehicle inspector from Motor Vehicle Division, Which are as following: must-be knowledge: 18 items, should-be knowledge: 10 items, may-be knowledge: 5 items. For A grade: 5 items, B grade: 23 items, C grade: 1 items, D grade: 2 items, E grade: 2 items.
4. There are 24 items of necessary skill for the vehicle inspector from Motor Vehicle Division, Which are as following: must-be skill: 15 items, should-be skill: 6 items, may-be skill: 3 items. For A grade: 9 items, B grade: 12 items, C grade: none, D grade: 3 items, E grade: none.
5. In the part of “Knowledge”, the significance of “degree of importance” has “advance vehicle knowledge”: 1 item. The significance of “frequencies of usage” has “advance vehicle knowledge” and “normal Motor Vehicle knowledge”: 2 items. The significance of “difficulties of various” has “tradition vehicle knowledge”: 1 item.
6. In the part of “Skill”, the significance of “degree of importance” has “operating skill of inspection equipment”: 1 item. The significance of frequencies of usage has “operating skill of inspection equipment”,” driving/service of vehicle”,” skill of explaining vehicle inspection’s law/regulation” and “normal Motor Vehicle knowledge”: 4 items. The significance of difficulties of various has “operating skill of inspection equipment”,” skill of explaining vehicle inspection’s law/regulation”: 2 items.

並列關鍵字

Motor Vehicle Division ； vehicle inspector ； professional competency

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