兩岸航空貨運服務需求因素之探討

A Study of Service Demands for Cross-Strait Air Cargo

單大興(Da-Sin Shann)

指導教授 ： 吳忠敏

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/商業自動化與管理研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

近年來隨著中國經濟的發展與崛起，伴隨著東協加一自由貿易協定的簽署，使亞太地區經濟版圖重新劃分，更促使亞太區在全球經濟體的影響性及重要性與日俱增。且近來兩岸關係和緩，兩岸直航於2008年定案，現又有兩岸經濟合作協議(ECFA)即將簽訂，兩岸間的商貿往來勢將更加密切，對航空貨運的需求亦將與日俱增。故本研究欲探討直航後，兩岸航空貨運應提升的服務有哪些? 再進一步透過計畫行為理論來解釋企業對空運的需求因素為何，並檢視企業特性對空運意願之需求差異?
本研究以貨主與貨運承攬業者為主要受試對象，並採問卷調查法分別針對台灣桃園機場、上海浦東機場與廣州新白雲機場三大航站，為三份問卷之主要情境進行樣本收集。再透過網路信件發出網路問卷，總計發出180份問卷，回收問卷142份並扣除無效問卷，共得有效問卷138份，整體問卷回收率達76%。
研究結果顯示，三大航站的空運使用者皆會受到產業供應鏈成員之影響而改變空運行為；且在採取空運的態度上之考量也有所不同。整體來說，兩岸空運使用者的態度考量以時間因素最為重要；其次是成本因素；第三則為彈性因素。同時，本研究也發現，三大航站的空運使用者會因本身企業規模與產品屬性的不同而在空運選擇之行為有些微差異，整體而言，兩岸空運使用者在空運選擇時，其不同的資本額與營業額之企業受到供應鏈成員的影響有顯著差異；此外，產品週轉率與價格不同之企業受到電子化服務與人員服務皆無顯著差異；最後，在空運選擇時，不同規模與產品屬性之企業在空運考量之態度上亦有顯著差異。

關鍵字

航空貨運物流 ； 計畫行為理論 ； 主成分分析

並列摘要

The influence of China’s economy has been growing and leading which is driving the region of the globe aviation industry. After the sign of direct traffic agreement on cross-strait air transportation between Mainland China and Taiwan 2008, we rarely found the relative studies of cross-strait air transportation. So, this study is to research what factors of service demand should be improved and upgraded between China and Taiwan‘s air transportation. Furthermore, through the planned behavior theory to explain why corporate air transportation demand factors and to survey air services demand factors of different industries and air forwarder enterprises.
Shippers and freight forwarders are main subjects in this study which questionnaire covers the Taiwan Tao Yuan International Airport, Shanghai Pudong International Airport and Guangzhou New Baiyun International Airport scenario for the sample collection. Then sent a internet network questionnaire through the e-mail , a total of 180 questionnaires sent, 142 questionnaires returned, and less invalid questionnaires, a total of 138 valid questionnaires were obtained, the overall response rate was 76%.
The study results show that users of all three major air terminals will be the effect of supply chain members of the air change behavior; and attitudes in the air to the consideration are also different. Overall, the attitude of the cross-strait air transportation users to consider the time factor is the most important; second factor is the cost factor; the third is the elastic element factor. At the same time, the study also found that cross-strait air transportation users of the three terminals that enterprise scale because of their different attributes and products selected in the air slightly different behavior. In addition, the product turnover rate and the price difference by the electronic service business and personnel services are not significantly different. Finally, in the air options, product attributes of different size and corporate attitude in the air is also considering the significant difference.

並列關鍵字

Air Cargo Logistics ； Theory of Planned Behavior ； Principal Components

參考文獻

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