營造業職業災害為我國職業災害最嚴重的行業類別。又幾乎在作業場所中發生,作業現場的安全管理上是否有著尚未注意的焦點,未能予以適時地處置,進而導致職業災害的發生,是本研究要探索的主要目的。 本研究著手在過往的營造業職業災害案例實例中,做安全管理方面的探討,期以發現營造工程作業場所中安全管理上的焦點。經由過去職業災害案例的解析,期以在將來的安全管理上能更清楚的知道現場安全管理的重點。 經由對民國88年到94年間營造業職業災害案例實例的重新審閱與解析,本研究發現在現場安全管理上,因之於過去的經驗與災害分析有著系統上的迷思與慣性,而提出「事故制止點」的觀念。 同時應用此一觀念,將過去七年間的全部災害案例實例,重新做檢討,在915件職業災害案例中,刪除13筆確認為非關營造工程作業場所的資料後,取得902筆有效資料,並找到其中853筆有事故制止點。說明「事故制止點」的處置,可以做為營造工程現場安全管理上的主要重點,作業場所可以經由「事故制止點」的消除,進而主動地將職業災害降低。同時經由本研究「事故制止點」的整理與統計,列出各種事故制止點未能控制後所造成的受災人數。現場的安全管理可以依各個工程作業上的特性,參考事故制止點的分佈來做為安全管理上的重點,將資源做更有效的運用,以達到最大的效果。
The occupational disasters of construction sector are the most serious occupational disasters in this country. And, it happened in construction job sites almost. Is there anything about stop the disasters happened that we have to pay attention and we don’t yet? That is the main goal of this research. This thesis is set about to discussion the disasters of construction fields cases in pass, and looking for the focus about the safety management of construction job sites by analyze serious occupational disasters of construction job sites have happened in years lately. This research is re-analyzes occupational disaster case instances from 1999 to 2005 in construction job sites. After that, this thesis is discover a new idea about to stop the disasters in job sites called “Disaster Stop Point“ to break away from the original concept for analyze of disaster investigation in the past. Using this idea ,during the same time, this research evaluate all serious construction occupational disasters by 915 case instances in the past seven years, and exclude 13 cases for non-construction sector after. There are 902 case instances match the definition of this research. There are 853 case instances identifiable by “Disaster Stop Point”. Via this research has arrange and statistics on “Disaster Stop Point”, can prove this idea is working on occupational disasters of construction sector, and the disaster can be stopped and prevented in advance with this idea.