福祉車操控空間設計準則之研究-以下肢障礙者為例

A Study of the Space Design Guideline for the Welfare Vehicle - A Case Study of Disability of Lower Extremities

劉泓璋(Hong-Chung Liu)

指導教授 ： 李來春

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/創新設計研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2005.00309

摘要

近年來政府對於身心障礙者的重視下，推動了許多的計畫，以改善弱勢團體的生活環境，包含居住環境之無障礙空間設置與殘障者交通輔具的規劃與研究，本研究基於符合人因設計與使用者為中心之觀點進行研究，整體主軸則是針對人、機、境三個相互影響的因素，來進行福祉車操控空間之調查與實驗分析，本研究目的是探討下肢障礙者對於駕駛與使用時是否舒適、安全與便利，並期望建立一個以下肢障礙者為導向的福祉車操控空間設計準則。
本研究共分為四大階段，第一階段為藉由文獻探討的方式，了解目前市場福祉車現況與相關無障礙研究；第二階段為觀察與訪談與人因操作分析，目的是要探討使用者操控上之問題與需求，並且找出使用者於操作時的動作面細節以供後續實驗之依據；第三階段為實驗設計，以攝影觀察的方式進行實體動作模擬實驗，透過後續非同步分析軟體與專家經驗法則求得初步設計準則。第四階段則是驗證實驗，以使用者實際體驗的方式進行滿意度調查，讓所得之結果能更真正的符合下肢障礙者的期望與需求。本研究發現如下：
1. 車室空間的總長度、寬度和高度
車室空間的總長度約為127~132公分；車室空間的總寬度約為103公分；車室空間的總高度約為149~154公分。

2. 扶手的高度
車內扶手設置的高度約為75公分。

3. 膝部空間的高度與深度
輪椅使用者所需的膝部空間高度約為72~77公分；輪椅使用者所需的膝部空間深度約為38~43公分。

4. 龍頭位置的高度與人的距離
車內龍頭設置的高度約為84公分；車內龍頭與人的水平距離約為48公分。

本研究結果可供往後從事福扯車或電動代步車的研究人員及廠商作為參考之設計規範，不僅提高下肢障礙者的安全性及操控需求的便利性，並且可讓最終產生的研究更接近人本設計之目的，以解決他們生活中行動的不便利性。

關鍵字

福祉車 ； 操控空間 ； 下肢障礙者

並列摘要

With regard to government seriously concern disabilities and drive many projects to improve the environment of disadvantaged minority in recent years, including barrier free environment establishment in living environment and auxiliary transportation tools planning and research, this study proceeds investigation in accordance with human factor design and the view concentrating on users, meanwhile the integral structure is aiming at human, mechanism and environment three factors that interact with each other to proceed investigation and experimental analysis on welfare vehicle control space. The purpose of this study is to discuss whether it is comfortable, safe and convenient for disabilities in lower limbs while in driving or using, and expects to establish a standard of welfare vehicle control space design oriented to lower limbs handicaps.

There are four major stages in this study. First stage is to understand current situation of welfare vehicles in existing market and barrier free related researches by way of archive discussion. Second stage includes observation and interview and human factor manipulation analysis, which purpose is to discuss the problems and requirements arising from operations and controls of users, and find the detailed movements of users in operation for the basis of consequential experiments. Third stage is experimental design that uses filming observation measure to process physical movement simulation experiment, meanwhile it will get preliminary design principles through consequential non-synchronized analysis software and professional experiences law. Whereas the fourth stage is to verify experiment by using users’ physical experiences to proceed satisfaction investigation which allows the result obtained more precisely meet the expectation and requirement of disabilities in low limbs. The findings of this study are as follows:
1. The total length, width and height of vehicle space
The total length of vehicle is around 127~132 ceilometers；the total width of vehicle space is about 103 ceilometers; and the height of vehicle space is around 149~154 ceilometers.
2. The height of armrests
The height of armrests inside vehicle is about 75 ceilometers.
3. The height and depth of kneehole
The height of kneehole required by wheelchair users is around 72~77 ceilometers; and the depth of kneehole required by wheelchair users is around 38~43 ceilometers.
4. The height of wheel position and distance to a person
The height of wheel inside vehicle is around 84 ceilometers; and the horizontal distance between wheel inside vehicle and a person is around 48 ceilometers.

The result of this study is available to be referential design standard for research people and suppliers engaging in welfare vehicles or electronic scooters, which not only enhance the safety and convenience of control requirement for disabilities in low limbs, but also allows ultimate study more close to the purpose of humanity design and therefore resolve the inconveniences arising from their daily lives.

並列關鍵字

Welfare Vehicle ； Task Space ； Disability of Lower Extremities

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