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  • 學位論文

黃酸樹膠/水/亞磷酸、醋酸系統之液晶相圖研究

Phase Diagram of Xanthan Gum/Water/Phosphoric Acid or Acetic Acid

指導教授 : 芮翔鵬
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摘要


黃酸樹膠(Xanthane gum)是一種具有特殊流變性質的天然高分子多醣體。因為黃酸樹膠擁有許多特性,所以常被運用在食品、紡織、製藥、化妝品及其他工業上。由於黃酸樹膠分子間的交互作用力會受到溫度、pH或其它條件所影響,而且在不同濃度下會有不同的性質, 在凝膠狀態時有液晶相的特性,形成機制為液向型(lyotropic)液晶,液向型液晶是由濃度所控制,依分子排列的方式是屬於向列型(nematic)液晶。 本研究分為兩部分:第一部份是建構黃酸樹膠/水/亞磷酸系統之液晶相圖;第二部份則是建構黃酸樹膠/水/醋酸系統之相圖,兩部分皆利用偏光顯微鏡與顯微鏡溫控平台進行高溫實驗,以探討此兩系統在室溫和高溫上的變化,並將結果進行比對分析。 黃酸樹膠/水/醋酸系統之相圖共含有4個獨立相區。3個獨立相區分別是:不溶解相、液晶相以及透明相,以及1重疊區域:相轉移過程中,液晶結構在不溶解區有共存情形。黃酸樹膠/水/亞磷酸系統之液晶相圖,則會在升溫過程中會受到溫度和時間的影響。

關鍵字

黃酸樹膠 相圖 液晶

並列摘要


Xanthan gum (XG) is a natural high molecular weight extracellular polysaccharide. Due to its exceptional properties this polymer is actually employed in many industrial processes such as food, textile, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and other industries. The effects of temperature, pH value of xanthan solutions are of great importance. The XG has different properties in different polymer concentrations. XG in gel condition still has the properties of liquid crystal. XG, which possesses lyotropic properties, was confirmed by optical studies that showed samples in this region to consist of a nematic liquid crystalline phase dispersed in an isotropic phase. In this work, two topical subjects were investigated. The first topic was the phase diagram of the XG/water/phosphoric acid tertiary system. The second topic was the phase diagram of the XG/water/acetic acid tertiary system. The experimental technique used was polarizing optical microscope assembling with a hot stage and a heat controller. The difference in phase formation and transition of these two systems at room temperature were compared and discussed. The phase diagram composed of three distinct phases- the completely separated (S) phase, the liquid crystalline (LC) miscible phase, and the isotropically miscible (I) phase. Besides, an intermediate or transition region formed from the overlapping of LC and S phase was identified as LC plus S region in this system. The phase diagram of the XG/water/phosphoric acid tertiary system was affected by temperature and annealing time or relaxation time.

並列關鍵字

phase diagram xanthan gum liquid crystalline

參考文獻


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