山竹果殼對於餵予高脂飲食動物肝臟粒線體生合成及脂質堆積的影響

Effects of mangosteen pericarps on hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis and lipid accumulation in rats fed with high fat diet

鍾佩瑾(Pei-Chin Chung)

指導教授 ： 謝榮鴻

臺北醫學大學/公共衛生暨營養學院/保健營養學研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

當攝取高熱量、高油脂的飲食時，體內產生過多游離脂肪酸，會造成體內脂質堆積及增加活性氧物質生成，使粒線體能量及氧化壓力平衡失調，長期將導致代謝性疾病發生風險增加。粒線體生合成作用指粒線體增加其數量或將受損之粒線體進行修復，能提升粒線體能量代謝及抗氧化能力。山竹(Garcinia mangostana Linn.)果殼中富具生物活性之山酮素，具促進抗氧化能力降低氧化傷害、抑制腫瘤細胞轉移、促進癌細胞凋亡、抗發炎、降低脂肪累積及改善神經細胞損傷。本研究主要探討不同劑量山竹果殼對餵予高脂飲食之大鼠血脂、脂肪累積、肝臟抗氧化能力、肝臟粒線體功能的影響。實驗將7週齡雄性Wistar大鼠隨機分為六組: 控制組 (C)、高脂飲食組 (HF)、山竹果殼低 (L)、中 (M)、中高 (MH)、高 (H)劑量組，分別每天給予0.16, 0.5, 0.8, 1.63 g 粉末。結果發現山竹果殼能顯著降低餵予高脂飲食動物之體重、肝臟重量、肝臟三酸甘油酯及膽固醇含量、脂質過氧化終產物含量，並顯著恢復肝臟抗氧化酵素活性、粒線體電子傳遞鏈酵素活性及增加粒線體生合成調節因子蛋白質表現量。因此，山竹果殼可降低高脂飲食誘發之氧化傷害，提升抗氧化能力以降低脂質過氧化，增加粒線體生合成作用延緩粒線體受損，同時改善脂質過度累積，達到降低血脂異常現象及抗肥胖之作用。

關鍵字

高脂飲食、山竹果殼、脂質累積、粒線體生合成

並列摘要

High fat diet is the risk of metabolism disease due to its highly calorie and creating numerous free fatty acid, so it cause fat accumulation and oxidative stress unbalance. Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which cells increase their mitochondria number, also efficient increase energy metabolism and antioxidative capacity. Mangosteen, called queen of fruits, contains many xanthones. Studies indicate that xanthones in mangosteen pericarps can improve antioxidative activity, protect nerve cells, inhibit metastasis of tumor cells, promote cancer cells apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, and lessen fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of rats fed with high fat diet and mangosteen pericarps with different dosage, respectively 0.16, 0.5, 0.8, 1.63 g powder. The fat accumulated effect was observed in lipid profiles, liver weight, liver triglyceride, and liver cholesterol, we found that mangosteen pericarps can significantly decrease fat accumulated. To understand the antioxidative capacity, glutathione enzymes activity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde concentration will be evaluated, we found that mangosteen pericarps can significantly recover antioxidative enzymes activity and lessen lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, the function of mitochondrial function, mitochondrial enzymes activity, respiratory control ratio, ATP production, and max respiratory, were maintained by mangosteen pericarps. Finally, we also found 0.8 and 1.63 g mangosteen pericarps powder can stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis. In summary, mangosteen pericarps show anti-obesity feature, stimulate expression of mitochondrial biogenesis regulators, maintain mitochondrial function, and recover antioxidative capacity.

並列關鍵字

high fat diet, mangosteen pericarps, fat accumulation, mitochondrial biogenesis

參考文獻

Adiputro, D.L., Khotimah, H., Widodo, M.A., Romdoni, R., and Sargowo, D. (2013). Oxidants and Antioxidants in Medical Science.

Anderson, S., De Bruijn, M., Coulson, A., Eperon, I., Sanger, F., and Young, I. (1982). Complete sequence of bovine mitochondrial DNA conserved features of the mammalian mitochondrial genome. Journal of molecular biology 156, 683-717.

Alberici, L.C., Vercesi, A.E., and Oliveira, H.C. (2011). Mitochondrial energy metabolism and redox responses to hypertriglyceridemia. Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 43, 19-23.

Araújo, T.G., de Oliveira, A.G., Vecina, J.F., Marin, R.M., Franco, E.S., Saad, M.J.A., and de Sousa Maia, M.B. (2016). Parkinsonia aculeata (Caesalpineaceae) improves high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice through the enhancement of insulin signaling and mitochondrial biogenesis. Journal of ethnopharmacology 183, 95-102.

Begriche, K., Igoudjil, A., Pessayre, D., and Fromenty, B. (2006). Mitochondrial dysfunction in NASH: causes, consequences and possible means to prevent it. Mitochondrion 6, 1-28.