防火管理制度之推展-檢討與建議

雖然人類不斷地發明更為精進的科技，惟人們仍然無法避免火災對於生命和財產所造成的威脅。要避免火災可能帶來巨大損失的最好方法就是採取必要的措施，期能將火災防範於未然，撲滅於初萌。近年來各級政府積極推動防火管理制度，雖已略具成效，但仍有很大的努力空間。防火管理的基本精神，就是「自己財產，自己保護」，在此防火管理的政策下，各類場所應指定防火管理人來負責該場所的防火管理計畫。攸關防火管理制度施行成敗之因素很多，包括主管機關督導方案、所有權人的配合程度、防火管理人的訓練等；其中，防火管理人是否落實執行規定更是關鍵因素。本論文研究除以文獻探討方式來了解國內外有關防火管理之理論與實務外，並針對防火管理人實施問卷調查，以收集他們對防火管理制度執行的意見和態度，所獲致結果可供各級主管機關日後推展防火管理制度之參考。

關鍵字

防火管理制度

並列摘要

In spite of the on-going inventions of more advanced technologies, human beings still have to face the threats of fire accidents to their lives and properties. To avoid the possibly big losses due to fire, the best approach is to take needed measures to prevent the accidents from happening or to stop them immediately in case they occur. In the recent years, our governments at all levels devoted significant effort to the development of the so-called “fire management system.” Although some progresses have been seen in this area, there is still considerable room for improvement. The central notion of the “fire management system” is that “your properties should be protected by yourself.” Under this policy, private enterprises need to designate a fire management staff to take in charge of their fire prevention programs. Many factors may determine the success of the system, such as the supervisory programs of governmental agencies, the cooperation of property owners, and the training of fire management staffs. Among those factors, the extent to which fire management staffs are actually complying with the rules is the most critical one to the effectiveness of the fire management system. The present research, first, reviews the literature to better understand the theories and practices of different countries in the domain of fire management system. Second, by surveying a sample of fire management staffs, the research collects opinions on and attitudes toward the implementation of the fire management system. The results of this survey may provide the government authorities valuable information on promoting fire management system in the future.