透過您的圖書館登入
IP:34.204.177.148
  • 學位論文

高齡初產婦母職歷程與社會支持之探究

A Study of the Course of Motherhood of and the Social Support for Elderly Primiparae

指導教授 : 陳燕禎
若您是本文的作者,可授權文章由華藝線上圖書館中協助推廣。

摘要


現代女性由於女性意識抬頭、投入職場人數增多等種種因素影響,使得晚婚、晚育的女性比率大增,高齡產婦的人數也逐年上升。故本研究乃在探討高齡初產婦延遲生育年齡的原因以及其生育動機,並分析她們在懷孕、生產、育兒的過程中所遇到的困難與所獲得之社會支持,以建構高齡初產婦建立母職角色的母職歷程。本研究採取質性研究中的深入訪談法進行資料收集,以北部地區身兼職業婦女的高齡初產婦為訪談對象,共訪談16位女性。 本研究結果為:1.晚婚是女性成為高齡初產婦的主要因素,其他包括個人生涯規劃、不易受孕、心理決策、家庭因素、經濟與工作因素等,使女性延遲生育年齡,而成為高齡初產婦。2.正向的生育動機,使得女性年過34歲之後,仍然決定要生孩子;但年齡、體力等實際因素考量,則讓高齡初產婦無法達到生育兩個孩子的理想子女數。3.高齡初產婦的母職歷程中,擔憂的事項包括:擔心自己年紀太大不適合生小孩、擔心孩子異常、產前檢查項目多、懷孕期身體虛弱、與孩子年齡差距大、沒有體力帶孩子等六項。4.高齡初產婦的母職歷程中,擁有的優勢包括:擔任母職角色成熟有耐心、經濟穩定、心理準備充足且人生經歷豐富、更加珍惜有孩子的生活、同年齡的朋友會以過來人的身分給予意見。5.在高齡初產婦的母職歷程中,正式與非正式的社會支持,提供其情緒上、實質上、訊息上的協助,使高齡初產婦可以順利建立起自我母職角色。6.雖然高齡產婦能夠順利經歷母職歷程,建立母職角色,但仍認為30歲以下才是最適合生育的年齡。最後根據本研究結果,提出相關具體建議,建議女性在30歲之前結婚生育,以免產生高齡產婦的擔憂;而政府也應加強宣導適婚適育的年齡,並且提供女性在生育過程中更多的社會福利,包括羊膜穿刺全額補助、生育補助等,以強化民眾之生育動機。

並列摘要


This study investigates the causes behind a delayed reproductive activity of the advanced maternal age and their fertility motivation. It also analyzes, on one hand, the difficulties elderly primiparae encounter during pregnancy, reproduction and child-raising and, on the other, social support they receive that have helped them to build up motherhood during the course. Based on qualitative research methodology, the author interviews totally 16 career women who are also elderly primiparae from the north in depth and collects significant data from these interactions. The study may be concluded as followed. First, a late marriage is the main cause behind an advanced maternal age, while other causes include personal life planning, challenging impregnation, psychological decision-making, family, finance and career. Second, positive fertility motivation drives women to bear children even after the age of 34; nevertheless, factors such as age and physical strength make the advanced maternal age fail to meet the ideal standard of giving birth to two children. Third, during the course of motherhood, elderly primiparae worry about the following six problems: her own age (whether she is too old to bear a child), the baby’s health, numerous prenatal examinations, the physical weakness during pregnancy, the huge age-gap between the mother and the child, and physical strength demanded for raising a child. Fourth, also during the course of motherhood, elderly primiparae enjoy the following advantages including greater patience and maturity for the role of a mother, a secured finance situation, fully-prepared mindset and rich life experiences, and they also value more a life with children and the practical opinions given by age-like experienced friends. Fifth, both formal and informal social supports provide elderly primiparae with emotional, physical and information assistance, which help them to build up a solid motherhood during the entire course as members of the advanced maternal age. Sixth, although the advanced maternal age may also enjoy the course of motherhood as responsible mothers, it is still advisable for women to be married and bear children before the most appropriate age of thirty. Based on abovementioned conclusions, the author suggests that women should marry and reproduce before the age of 30 so as to avoid the worries of elderly primiparae. Likewise, the government should also promote the idea of an appropriate marriageable and reproductive age and provide pregnant women with more social welfare in order to encourage the public to grow a stronger fertility motivation.

參考文獻


吳慧娜(2006)。《產後夫婦再生育意願影響因素之研究》。台灣大學衛生政策與管理研究所碩士論文。
陳燕禎(2008b)。〈台灣新移民的文化認同、社會適應與社會網絡〉,《國家與社會》,第4期,頁43-100。
俞彥娟(2005)。〈女性主義對母親角色研究的影響-以美國婦女史為例〉,《女學學誌:婦女與性別研究》,第20期,頁1-40。
丁素珠、陳春菊(2005)。〈照顧一位高齡初產婦產後初期之護理經驗〉,《高雄護理雜誌》,第22卷第1期,頁37-49。
王淑芬(2002)。《社會研究法》。台北:保成。

延伸閱讀