本論文將聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol,PVA)水溶液利用電紡技術(electrospinning)抽絲成膜。PVA奈米纖維經由化學交聯增加機械強度,再將電紡後PVA薄膜浸漬不同濃度Nafion溶液製作複合膜。利用熱分析儀器TGA、DMA、TMA等觀察此複合膜各項高分子物性,用SEM觀察在浸漬不同濃度Nafion溶液下,複合膜的表面及截面型態,再利用恆電位儀、頻率應答分析儀來測出複合膜材的電阻抗,最後利用單電池測試系統測試複合膜製成之MEA燃料電池效能。 結果顯示,複合膜厚度35~40um與Nafion 112 ( 50 um)的機械特性最大應力數值接近,且複合膜有較低的阻抗值,DMFC單電池測試時開路電位為0.6V,但無效能,可能複合膜尚有孔洞造成的結果。
In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nano-fiber membranes were fabricated by Electrospinning of PVA aqueous solution. Then, the mechanical strength of PVA nano-fiber membranes were improved via chemical crosslink process. Finally, the PVA/Nafion composite membranes were obtained by immersing PVA nano-fiber membranes into various concentration of Nafion solution. The properties of PVA nano-fiber membranes were investigated by TGA, DMA, FTIR SEM and TMA. The results indicated that the grass transition temperature of PVA nano-fiber membranes increased with increasing the density of crosslink; the more crosslink present, the larger was the stress and the smaller was the amount of elongation. The related performance of PVA/Nafion composite membranes and Nafion 112 in fuel cell was compared. The open-circuit voltage and conductivity of PVA/Nafion composite membranes were higher than those of the Nafion 112. Nevertheless, the I-V curve of PVA/Nafion composite membranes can not be obtained in DMFC test. The lower performance of PVA/Nafion composite membranes in DMFC test was ascribed to the existence of porosity in them.
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