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  • 學位論文

台灣國際觀光旅館之績效評估:DEA之應用

The Performance Evaluation of the International Tourist Hotels in Taiwan: Applications of DEA

指導教授 : 鄭雅穗
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摘要


觀光產業為「無煙囪工業」,且能創造出很高的經濟效益;根據台灣經濟研究院分析指出,從1998至2009年間,台灣觀光外匯收入從33.72 億美元增加至68.16 億美元。而我國為了加速觀光產業的發展,觀光局已通過2010 年新台幣77.57 億之觀光預算,積極推動「觀光領航拔尖計畫」方案。我國之所以重視觀光產業的發展計畫,乃因為對外除能賺取外匯外,還能提升台灣國際的能見度。而在推廣發展計畫的同時,國際觀光旅館是不可或缺的重要一環,因此本研究將以資料包絡分析法分析台灣國際觀光旅館之營運績效。 本研究首先以DEA 之CCR 模式分析自1998-2009年來各國際觀光旅館之整體營運績效表現;其次利用差額變數分析法評估2009 年各國際觀光旅館之投入資源是否有效被利用;最後,運用DEA 之BCC 模式進一步分析各國際觀光旅館於2009 年之規模重組表現。 實證結果顯示,台北君悅(H12)、晶華(H13)、西華(H14)、遠東(H15)等旅館相對績效較佳,且營運呈較平穩狀態。而在2009 年各國際觀光旅館之投入資源表現,以台北君悅(H12)、晶華(H13)與墾丁凱撒(H29)之投入資源達最適配置,表示其員工人數、客房數量、餐飲樓板面積和營業總支出之投入資源,相較於其他旅館營運配置的有效率,因此在未來的資源投入上可繼續維持。最後,在規模報酬的表現上,以國賓(H02)、台北君悅(H12)、晶華(H13)、西華(H14)與墾丁凱撒(H29)之規模都達到最適生產規模的境界,在未來其應該要繼續維持在最佳的營運狀態;而其餘的國際觀光旅館,在未來可藉由擴充公司規模的方式,來幫助其達最適生產規模的狀態。 本研究結果可協助旅館業者瞭解自身營運狀態,並為相對效率不佳之旅館提供資源改善及未來策略調整之參考。

並列摘要


Tourism industry is a “non-smokestack industry” that can create high economic efficiency; according to the Taiwan Institute of Economic Research analysis pointed out, from 1998 to 2009, Taiwan's tourism foreign exchange increased from 3,372 million to 7,510 million (USD). In Taiwan, in order to accelerate the development of the tourism industry, the Tourism Bureau has adopted the tourism budget of NTD 7.757 billion in 2010, and actively promotes the tourism project program. The reason why we are attention to the tourism industry development plan, is because in addition to earning of foreign exchange, but also can enhance Taiwan's international visibility. To promote development projects in the same time, the international tourist hotels play an indispensable role, so in this study will adopt the DEA to evaluate the operating performance of the international tourist hotels in Taiwan. First, we use the CCR model of DEA to analyze each of hotel’s overall operating performance from 1998 to 2009. Then adopt slack variable analysis, to evaluate the hotel’s resources investment which is being used valid or not. Finally, we use BCC model to analyze hotel’s performance of scale restructuring in 2009. Empirical results indicate that relative to other hotels there are four hotels with better performance, and operating was relatively stable. The performance of the hotel’s resources investment in 2009, have three hotels input reach efficiency. Finally, the performance of return to scale, there are five hotels have reached the optimum scale of production, and they should maintain the best operating condition in the future; the rest of the hotels can through expansion of company size to help reach the optimal scale of production in the future. The results of this study can help hotel’s managers understand their operating status, and provide resources improvement and strategic decision making to inefficient hotels.

參考文獻


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