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  • 學位論文

高雄縣國中、小學童齲齒狀況之城鄉差異

Geographic Inequality of Dental Caries Status of Primary and Junior High School Students in Kaohsiung County

指導教授 : 黃純德 博士
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摘要


摘 要 背景:高雄縣牙醫資源的分佈,呈現嚴重的城鄉差距,縣轄市鳳山每萬人有4.11位牙醫師,三個山地鄉卻沒有。先前學者探討高屏地區學齡前兒童齲齒狀況的城鄉差距,研究資料指出偏遠地區之高齲齒率與低就醫填補率的問題。為了瞭解現今高雄縣國中、小各年級學童齲齒問題是否仍存有城鄉之差異,特別進行此次調查。希望能從此次的調查中,了解國中、小學童的齲齒狀況及填補率之城鄉差距,以期將研究作為高雄縣日後訂定口腔健康計畫之參考。 目的: 瞭解高雄縣國中、小學童的齲齒狀況、填補率及醫療需求在城鄉間的差異。 方法:研究對象係針對高雄縣國中小學童共計1671位,以有經驗的牙醫師進行口腔檢查,記錄學童之齲齒狀況。抽樣採分層集束隨機抽樣調查法。並以Microsoft Access建檔,利用JMP 5.1.2版本做統計分析。 結果:市區、鄉鎮及山地學童之DMFT index為2.21、1.77、3.58;市區、鄉鎮及山地學童之填補率為43.53%、37.00%、33.90%。DMFT index及填補率在統計上皆有顯著的差異(前者p<0.0001,後者p=0.0019)。以12歲學童之DMFT index而言,市區為2.30;鄉鎮為2.67;山地為4.59,在統計上有顯著的差異(p<0.0001)。以第一大臼齒而言,其DMFT index和盛行率在市區為1.68、66.67%;在鄉鎮為1.24、52.83%;在山地為2.27、82.13%,在統計上皆有顯著的差異(兩者皆為p<0.0001)。 結論與建議:在高雄縣都市,鄉村及山地鄉的國中小學童的口腔健康有顯著性的不同。尤其是山地鄉的兒童其第一大臼齒的健康狀況非常嚴重並且有較多的牙科醫療需要。建議有關單位應提供學童免費的第一大臼齒溝裂封填劑之塗佈,加強鼓勵牙醫師上山巡迴醫療,提供山地兒童口腔醫療之可用性及可近性,以有效改善山地鄉兒童之口腔健康。 關鍵詞:DMFT index、填補率、齲齒盛行率、城鄉

關鍵字

DMFT index 填補率 齲齒盛行率 城鄉

並列摘要


Abstract Background: The inequality in dentists resources between rural and urban area in Kaohsiung county is very prominent. The study in preschool children between rural and urban area in Kaohsiung and Pingtong area showed high caries prevalence and low filling rate in rural area. We wondered that whether the situation would happen in the primary and junior high schools or not. Objectives: To evaluate the dental health status of children in primary and junior high school of Kaohsiung County and analyze the disparity between rural and urban area. Methods: There were 1671 students of primary and junior high schools from Kaohsiung county enrolled in the study. Their oral status was examined and caries status was recorded. The whole procedure was completed by an experienced dentist. Samples were collected by stratified cluster sampling method. All of the data were coded with Microsoft Access and analyzed by the software package JMP version 5.1.2. Results: The DMFT index of the children in the urban, rural and aboriginal areas was 2.21, 1.77, and 3.58 respectively. The filling rate was 43.53%, 37.00%, and 33.90% respectively. There were statistical significance were noted among the DMFT index and filling rates of urban, rural, and aboriginal areas (p<0.0001, p=0.0019). The DMFT index of 12-year-old school children in the urban, rural, and aboriginal areas were 2.30, 2.67, 4.59 respectively and with statistical significance (p<0.0001). As for the first molar, the DMFT index of the urban, rural, and aboriginal areas were 1.68, 1.24, and 2.27 respectively. The caries prevalence rates of the urban, rural, and aboriginal areas were 66.67%, 52.38%, and 82.13% respectively, there were statistical significance (p<0.0001) were noted. Conclusion and suggestions: The disparities of the dental health status of the primary and junior high schools in the urban, rural, and aboriginal areas in Kaohsiung County are evident. The dental health status, especially for the first molars, of the children in the aboriginal area is very poor and with high dental treatment needs. The free charge of the application of the pit and fissure sealants for the first molars of aboriginal schoolchildren, and to encourage more dental resources and services supply to the aboriginal area to increase the availability and accessibility, would be effective for the improvement of the dental health of the aboriginal children. Key word: DMFT index, filling rate, caries prevalence, rural and urban

參考文獻


參考文獻
中文部份
1. 李火傳。探討桃園縣國中生口腔健康相關生活品質的影響因素〔碩士論文〕。高雄:高雄醫學大學口腔衛生科學研究所;2003。
2. 何曜廷。國小兒童口腔治療需求及肥胖對口腔狀態之影響〔碩士論文〕。高雄:高雄醫學大學口腔衛生科學研究所;2003。
3. 姚振華。牙科公共衛生學。國立編譯館,台北市,2001。

被引用紀錄


陳憲佐(2010)。台北市某國中學生預防齲齒行為及其相關因素之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315191104
鍾君儀(2012)。應用健康信念模式探討新北市某國小高年級學童餐後潔牙行為及其相關因素研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315311954

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