毒品濫用者周邊血液單核細胞分泌細胞激素能力之研究

The ability on the release of cytokines by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells from drug abusers

高郁勛(Yu-Hsun Kao)

指導教授 ： 謝天渝

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/牙醫學研究所/碩士(2003年)

摘要

毒品的濫用除了經血液影響人體外，也會經由唾液分泌至口腔環境中，在國外毒品濫用者最常被討論的是病毒感染的問題(如肝炎、愛滋病)，而台灣的毒品濫用者85 %以上還伴隨有嚼食檳榔的習慣，嚼食檳榔會造成調控免疫系統的細胞激素改變，因此本研究主要探討在有嚼食檳榔的毒品濫用者其細胞激素的變化情形。
本研究分為使用安非他命14例、使用海洛因20例、使用安非他命與海洛因16例共三組實驗組(50例)，每名個案均有嚼食檳榔習慣3年以上，對照組為沒有毒品濫用及嚼食檳榔者24例，取周邊靜脈血分離培養單核細胞72小時後，以酵素免疫法測定單核細胞分泌之細胞激素，結果顯示正常人TGF-β的分泌量在統計上顯著性大於合併使用安非他命與海洛因組(1399.46±134.39 > 776.49±156.30, P < 0.05)，而TNF-α、IFN-γ則沒有顯著性差異。在加入PHA後，正常人TNF-α和IFN-γ均在統計上顯著性大於使用安非他命組(890.30±93.14 > 327.21±68.39, P< 0.05; 980.78±100.70 > 399.29±108.65, P < 0.05)，而TGF-β則是正常人與使用安非他命組在統計上顯著性大於使用海洛因組、合併使用安非他命與海洛因組(1847.43±95.01 > 1199.40±96.51, 1847.43±95.01 > 1162.11±138.52 ; 1802.93±162.09 > 1199.40±96.51, 1802.93±162.09 > 1162.11±138.52 ; P < 0.05)。在比較單核細胞分泌能力，實驗組在TNF-α和IFN-γ均略低於正常人，而TGF-β則較正常人略高。從本實驗的結果推論，毒品會影響單核細胞分泌的能力並造成細胞接受刺激的能力降低。在使用的方式與頻率上，除了以嗅食方式合併使用安非他命與海洛因組在TNF-α分泌較使用安非他命組有統計上顯著性差異以外(223.06±103.78 > 60.71±20.41, P < 0.05)，其他的毒品吸食方式間並沒有統計上顯著性差異，而使用毒品的頻率越高，會使得細胞激素的分泌量受到影響，其中TGF-β分泌能力在每天使用超過一次組中低於其他使用頻率者，顯示出使用的頻率對於單核細胞分泌TGF-β具有較大的影響。

關鍵字

細胞激素 ； 毒品濫用 ； 鴉片 ； 安非他命 ； 檳榔

並列摘要

Drug abuse affects humans through blood circulation and secretes the drug into the oral cavity via saliva. Most discussion of drug abuse in the world is viral infection, such as hepatitis and AIDS. Most drug abusers in Taiwan (above 85%) have habits of betel quid chewing. Betel quid chewing changes cytokines secretion that modulate the immune system. This study investigates the effects of cytokines release from drug abuse combined with betel quid chewing.
This study divided the groups (50 cases) into amphetamine (14 cases), heroin (20 cases),and combined with amphetamine and heroin (16 cases). Every subject had the habit of betel quid chewing for at least three years. The control group included 24 cases without drug abuse or betel quid chewing. After culturing the peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 72 hours, we detected the release of cytokines with ELISA. The results revealed that the amount of TGF-β from the control group was significantly higher than the group of amphetamine and heroin users (1399.46±134.39 > 776.49±156.30, P < 0.05). The amount of TNF-α and IFN-γ of other groups was not significantly different from the control group. After adding PHA, the amount of TNF-α and IFN-γ from the control group was significantly higher than the group of amphetamine users (890.30±93.14 > 327.21±68.39, P < 0.05; 980.78±100.70 > 399.29±108.65, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the amount of TGF-β from the control group and the amphetamine group was significantly higher than the heroin group and the amphetamine and heroin group (1847.43±95.01 > 1199.40±96.51, 1847.43±95.01 > 1162.11±138.52; 1802.93±162.09 > 1199.40±96.51, 1802.93±162.09 > 1162.11±138.52, P < 0.05). Comparing the secretion ability of monocyte, the effect of TNF-α and IFN-γ from experimented groups was lower than the control group, but TGF-β was higher than the control group. Based on our results, drugs affect the secretion ability of monocyte and decrease the ability of accepting stimulation. On the method and frequency of drug abuse, the amount of TNF-α from the amphetamine and heroin group with smoking was significantly higher than the amphetamine group (223.06±103.78 > 60.71±20.41, P < 0.05), and other groups were not significantly different. The high frequency of drug abuse affects the release of cytokines. The secretion ability of TGF-β that used drug above several times a day was significantly lower than other frequency groups. This revealed that the frequency of drug abuse had a prominent effect on the release of TGF-β by monocyte.

並列關鍵字

cytokine ； drug abuse ； narcotic ； amphetamine ； betel quid

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