衛生所護理人員文化敏感度及其相關因素之探討

本研究旨在分析衛生所護理人員文化敏感度的現況，並探討基本資料、機構提供工具資源及多元文化訓練課程需求對其文化敏感度相關性及重要預測因子。採用結構式問卷調查法，包括基本資料表、機構提供工具資源表、多元文化訓練課程表以及文化敏感度量表 (Intercultural Sensitivity Scale；ISS) 。以高高屏衛生所護理人員為收案對象，完成有效問卷230份。研究結果顯示衛生所護理人員文化敏感度量表平均得分為49.41 (SD＝7.48)，指標分數為65.88分，顯示衛生所護理人員的文化敏感度介於中等程度；其中以文化差異認同得分最高，最低為互動信心。以t檢定及單變項分析結果發現英文能力良好、在不同環境居住或旅遊經驗5次以上、有5次以上接觸不同文化活動經驗、有照顧新移民婦女經驗、偶爾閱讀多元文化相關書籍、有與自己不同文化背景的朋友5位以上，文化敏感度得分越高。此外與新移民接觸的時間越長、機構能提供工具資源及多元文化訓練課程與文化敏感度呈顯著正相關。最後以多元逐步回歸分析後發現「機構提供工具資源」、「英文能力」、「多元文化訓練課程」及「有不同文化背景的朋友」，為影響衛生所護理人員文化敏感度的重要預測變項，總變異量為35.7%。本研究結果可提供衛生所護理人員文化敏感度的現況，並瞭解影響衛生所護理人員文化敏感度預測因子，作為臨床上護理人員在職課程與教育未來發展課程設計之參考，並增進護理人員文化敏感度及文化照護能力，提高新移民的照護品質。

關鍵字

衛生所護理人員；新移民婦女；文化敏感度；機構提供工具資源；多元文化訓練課程

並列摘要

The purposes of this study are to analyze the current situation of health center nurses’ cultural sensitivity and provide caring facilities references on multicultural training demands and important predictor variables. Structured survey technique was applied in this study. Intercultural sensitivity scale, table of tools and resources provided by caring facilities, curriculum of multicultural training programs and table of basic information are also used in this study. The objects of this study are nurses who work at health centers in Kaohsiung and Pingtung areas. 230 valid questionnaires were completed. The result of the survey shows that the average score of scale of nurses’ cultural sensitivity is 49.41(SD＝7.48) and the index score of the scale is 65.88. These show that health center nurses’ cultural sensitivity is at moderate stage. “Respect of cultural differences” obtained the highest score and “interaction confidence” received the lowest score. According to the results of T-test and univariate analysis finding that good English ability, more than 5 times experiences of travelling or living in different environments, 5 times more participating different cultural activities and caring new immigrant women, habits of occasionally reading books related to multicultural issues and having five or more friends with different cultural backgrounds, and cultural sensitivity the higher the score. Besides, the results of the research show that tools, new immigrants with longer experiences times, resources and multicultural training provided by caring facilities and cultural sensitivity was positively correlated. According to the results of multiple stepwise regression analysis, “Tools and resources provide by caring facilities”, “English ability”, “Multicultural training programs”, and “Having friends with different cultural backgrounds” are the important predictor variables for the cultural sensitivity. These variables explained 35.7% of total variance. The results of this study have revealed the current situation of nurses’ cultural sensitivity in health centers and the predictors that affect nurse’s cultural sensitivity. These results could be the references of designing the future In-service education programs for clinical nurses in order to improve health centers in nurses’ cultural sensitivity and the quality of health care for new immigrants.