台灣地區行職業別檳榔嚼食率、吸菸盛行率比較

Prevalence of Betel quid Chewing, and Cigarette Smoking by Occupation and Profession in Taiwan

李靜芬(Ching-Fen Lee)

指導教授 ： 楊奕馨

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6832/KMU.2008.00079

摘要

研究背景：台灣地區口腔癌問題嚴重，許多研究證實檳榔、菸、酒與口腔癌有相關，過去研究顯示與嚼食檳榔、吸菸相關因素除了與性別、年齡、教育程度、族別等相關，同時行業集中於藍領階級勞力工作者。
研究目的：主要以「台灣地區2002年國民健康促進知識、態度與行
為調查」資料進行分析，估計台灣地區高盛行率之行職業別及探討相關影響因素。
研究方法： 採用橫斷式研究，以「台灣地區2002年國民健康促進知識、態度與行為調查」之資料庫進行分析，收集實際完訪具有代表性之樣本數26755人，完訪率81.92％，加權計算後統計資料。
研究結果：目前嚼食檳榔盛行率以行業別而言以農林漁牧狩獵業21. 67％較高，其次為製造業、礦業、營造業、公共事業16.32﹪，運輸及通訊業為16.28％。職業別中目前吸菸盛行率中以農林漁牧狩獵業40.7％較高，其次為運輸與通訊業佔37.40％。職業別中同時嚼食檳榔及吸菸高盛行率以建築業中的低技術工匠(泥瓦匠、油漆匠、修理水管或裝置)盛行率最高（43.07％、65.54％），其次計程車司機、公路局、鐵路局或客運車司機、貨車司機、遊覽車司機（35.06％、60.61％），司機（34.78％、69.47％）。
行職業別調查第一次嚼食檳榔及吸菸的原因皆以「好奇」最高。分析次要原因則發現運輸與通訊業〈公路、鐵路、郵局、電信〉嚼食及不戒除的原因皆為「提神」佔最高。嚼食檳榔習慣主要影響者方面，在行職業別發現皆以受「朋友」影響嚼食行為的百分比佔半數最高。
發現男性、30-39歲、教育程度低、自覺身體狀況比前一年好、活動或工作很耗體力、心情不好時因應行為為喝酒者、缺乏運動，其嚼食檳榔及吸菸有較高風險。
研究結論：本研究統計出行職業別中，使用檳榔及菸較高頻率的類別，針對將來口腔癌篩檢可作為選擇高危險群的參考。

關鍵字

口腔癌 ； 檳榔嚼食 ； 吸菸 ； 行職業別 ； 盛行率

並列摘要

Background: With the constant rise of oral cancer, many studies have confirmed the correlation between betel quid,cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and oral cancer. Also, a correlations between oral precancerous conditions and precancerous lesions have been confirmed. Inaddition to the increasing incidence of oral cancer, the use of betel quid, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking also pose potential risks to health and life. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization (WHO) has indicated tobacco and betel quid as first degree carcinogens. Past studies showed that the relatied reasons for betel quid chewing and smoking are sex, age, education, socio-economic background and blue-collar workers. There has been limited studies concerning the prevalence rates relating to difference types of occupation.
Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the data of the “2002 National Survey on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Health Promotion in Taiwan”, and to estimate the prevalence rates of betel quid chewing and cigarette smoking according to professional description .
Methods: This study is based on the database from the “2002 National Survey on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Health Promotion in Taiwan”. It is a cross-sectional study with 26755 valid samplesize and All statistical analysis were weighted according to the distribution of county-sex-agrgroup strate for statistical data with a response rate of81.92% .
Results: In terms of profession, the highest prevalence rate of betel quid chewing is in agriculturs or fishery, 21.67%, followed by manufacturing industry, mining industry, construction industry and public utilities, 16.32%, and the transportation and communication industries, 16.28%. By occupation, the highest prevalence rate of smoking is in agriculture or fishery, 40.7%, followed by the transportation and communication industries, 37.40%. In terms of occupation, the highest prevalence rate of betel quid chewing and smoking is in the construction industry (bricklayers, painters, plumbers) (43.07%, 65.54%), followed by taxi drivers, railway or bus drivers, truck drivers, tour bus drivers (35.06%, 60.61%), and other drivers (34.78%, 69.47%).
This study also found that the main reason for betel quid chewing and smoking for the first time is “curiosity”.followed by〝trying to stay awake〞
Conclusion：We found a higher tendency for betel quid chewing and smoking in male, 30-39 years old, low education, physical health condition is better than the previous year, activities or work need more physical strength, drinking when not in the mood, and lacking of exercise.

Keywords: oral cancer, betel quid chewing, cigarette smoking, occupation, prevalence

並列關鍵字

oral cancer ； betel quid chewing ； cigarette smoking ； occupation ； prevalence

參考文獻

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