台灣中部地區0-6歲兒童齲齒狀況及相關因素之探討

The Study of Dental Caries and Related Factors for Children Under Six years old in Central Taiwan

陳韻婷(Yuan-Ting Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃純德

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6832/KMU.2006.00082

摘要

研究題目：台灣中部地區0-6歲兒童齲齒狀況及相關因素之探討
指導教授：黃純德
研 究 生：陳韻婷
研究背景：台灣中部地區的醫療資源是豐厚的地區，但城鄉差距是全台灣最嚴重的地區，也會進而影響到中部地區0-6歲兒童的齲齒狀況，這是本研究非常關心也非常想要了解的議題。
研究目的：擬探討中部地區0-6歲兒童齲齒狀況及其相關因素。
研究方法：本研究取材自高雄醫學大學口腔衛生科學研究所執行的「台灣6歲以下兒童之口腔健康狀況調查」，調查對象針對台灣中部地區具有本國籍的0-6歲兒童，計取得有效樣本586人。抽樣方法為分層集束抽樣調查法(PPS)，以等比隨機抽樣機率來進行抽樣。研究內容包括口腔檢查及以問卷收集相關飲食、潔牙、餵食、看牙醫經驗資料。以MS Acess來設計資料庫，SAS與JMP來做統計分析。
研究結果：本研究分析結果deft index為5.25，齲齒數為4.35顆，缺牙數為0.04顆，填補數為0.86顆，齲齒率為74.82％，填補率為16.35％，市、區兒童與鎮、鄉兒童deft index、齲齒率分別為（4.46；72.57％vs. 5.85；77.45％），鎮、鄉兒童明顯高於市、區兒童；市、區兒童及鎮、鄉兒童deft index與吃甜食有顯著性差異，而且鎮、鄉兒童比市、區兒童高。而開始潔牙年齡3歲以上deft index及齲齒率為最高（6.29；92.14％）。
結論：中部地區0-6歲兒童的齲齒狀況鎮、鄉兒童不論deft index與齲齒率都來的比市、區兒童差。而在研究上台中市填補率是其他縣市中最高，但齲齒盛行率仍有進步空間，了解到其治療做的不錯，預防方面尚未看到其成效。南投縣deft index與齲齒率是其他縣市中最低，但填補顆數是最低的，故治療方面仍需要加強。且越早開始刷牙則齲齒的發生率會低；幼兒自己刷牙比照顧者刷的deft index與齲齒率都來的高。而夜間餵食持續的年齡越久則deft index會越高；喝完奶會潔牙的deft index與齲齒率為最低，故加強學齡前兒童及父母或其他主要照顧者口腔衛生教育，使學齡前幼童自小養成良好的口腔保健習慣。

關鍵字

0-6歲兒童 ； 齲齒狀況 ； 飲食習慣 ； 口腔衛生習慣

並列摘要

Title: The Study of Dental Caries and Related Factors for Children Under Six years old in Central Taiwan
Professor: Shun-Te Huang
Student: Yuan-Ting Chen
Background:
The medical resources of the central area in Taiwan are abundant. But the difference between the city and county is the most serious. The difference will affect the circumstance of dental caries of children age 0-6 years in the central area in Taiwan. This is the most considerable issue in this study.
Objectives:
Explore the dental caries condition of children age 0-6 years old and the related factors.
Methods:
This study was obtained from the oral health condition research of children under 6 years old in Taiwan conducted by the graduate institate of oral health sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University. The subjects was citizens whose children were age 0-6 years old in central Taiwan. The effective sample was 586. The method of this study was Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) using the same proportion random sampling. The content of the study used a questionnaire related to diet, cleaning tooth, feeding, and the experience of seeing a dentist.We used the MS Access to design the data base. SAS and JMP was used for statistical analysis.
Results:
The results of the analysis included the deft index, 5.25, the number of dental caries, missing teeth and filled teeth were 4.35, 0.04 and 0.86 respectively. The caries prevalence rate and filling rate were 74.82% and 16.35%. The deft index and the caries prevalence rate of who lived in the city were 4.46 and 72.57％ respectively. The deft index and the caries prevalence rate of who lived in the township were 5.85 and 77.45% respectively, the dental health status of children who live in the township are apparently higher than the children who live in the city. The deft index of the children who live in the township has the significant higher frequency of eating sweet food than those in city, The children aged over 3 years old who start to clean their teeth had the highest deft index and the caries prevalence rate of dental caries (6.29; 94.14% respectively).
Conclusion:
For the dental caries condition of children age 0-6 years that live in the central Taiwan, the deft index and the caries prevalence rate of who lived in the township was lower than the children who lived in the city. In this study, the filling rate in Taichung city was the highest compared to other counties and cities. However, the caries prevalence rate still had to be reduced. Although, the dental treatment is done well, there is no prominent effect on the preventive aspect. The deft index and the caries prevalence rate in Nantou County was lowest compared to other counties and cities, but the number of filled teeth was the lowest, so the dental treatment has to be improved. Hence, if children brush their teeth earlier, the incidence of dental caries will be lower. The deft index and the caries prevalance rate of the children who brush by themselves is higher than those whose teeth are brushed by a caregiver . In addition, the number of years with continued night feeding behavior still affect the deft index. The deft index and the dental caries of the children who clean their tooth after feeding were the lowest. Therefore, improving the oral health education of preschool children, parents, and the main caregivers can acquire good oral health protection habits when they are young.

並列關鍵字

children age 0-6 years ； the condition of dental caries ； eating habit ； oral health habit

參考文獻

1.王文岑、黃純德。高雄市學齡前有兒齲齒狀況與相關因素之探討-以托兒所幼稚園為對象。 私立高雄醫學院口腔衛生科學研究所碩士論文 。1994；27-40。

2.江益村。 燕巢鄉幼、托兒所幼兒齲齒狀況及其相關因素探討（碩士論文）。高雄：高雄醫學大學口腔衛生科學研究所；2003。

3.李育嫻。學齡前兒童口腔狀況與飲食攝取及生長發育之相關性（碩士論文）。高雄：高雄醫學大學口腔衛生科學研究所；2004。

4.林麗芳。屏東縣山地鄉托兒所、幼稚園學童口腔狀況及其影響因素之研究（碩士論文）。高雄：高雄醫學大學口腔衛生科學研究所；1999。

5.高嘉澤、陳福銘、林財源。台中市學齡前兒童口腔齲齒狀況初步調查。中山醫誌1995；6：9~15。