陽剛的球場，性別化的經驗 ：多元性別特質女同志的籃球經驗探究

摘要在現今的父權體制下，運動與陽剛特質幾乎畫上了等號，而在這樣的脈絡中，籃球普遍被視為是粗魯、有激烈碰撞、既陽剛又不符合女性特質的一項運動。然而，籃球場上仍舊存在著多元女性主體，本研究試圖瞭解和呈現多元性別特質女同志籃愛好者的籃球經驗，探討在被視為陽剛至上的籃球運動裡，女同志是如何開始參與其中，以其為什麼不想離開，再者，透過女性專用場的使用理解女籃愛好者如何經歷性別化的差別對待；此外，探討不同性別特質女性的球場經驗，亦延伸探究女同志籃球愛好者的性別認同發展與籃球運動的交織關連。本研究係對六位女同志受訪者進行深度訪談，她們的年齡均介於24到29歲，教育程度在大專以上，分屬不同大學，皆為工作之餘仍想要持續自己喜愛籃球運動的女性，亦曾加入非專業運動員組成的社會女子球隊。希望透過她們的多元性別特質的主體經驗，審視籃球運動裡的陽剛霸權和其性別宰制。本研究發現：（一）女同志籃球運動愛好者們帶著籃球訓練過程中培養的運動陽剛，持續和父權體制及霸權陽剛抗衡。（二）不同性別特質女同志的球場經驗大不同，顯示女性運動主體會因性別特質的不同而受到性別化的差異對待。（三）女同志的性別認同發展和籃球運動的參與有所關連，大多能從球隊友善的氛圍中認識和開展出更多元的認同，而臻成其作為女同志的主體。關鍵字：女同志、籃球、父權、陽剛、多元性別特質

關鍵字

女同志；籃球；陽剛；父權；多元性別特質

並列摘要

Abstract In current patriarchy society ,sports have generally been labeled as masculine, and under this context, basketball is a sport which being taken as rude, masculine sport with intense physical body contact which is not suitable for women. However there are still some lesbians who play basketball in the masculine realm, so I attempt to explore experiences of gender diversity among lesbians who play basketball . Including how they participated in and why they stayed. Moreover, how lesbians using the "women-only" basketball court, and what gendered experience did they have. Last not least, try to understand lesbians gender identity development . I interviewed 6 lesbians, age from 24 to 29, all love basketball playing since they were student and they kept playing basketball until now . My research has shown that (1). Lesbians who like to play basketball cultivate masculinity in order to fight against patriarchy. (2). Lesbians with diverse gender traits experienced gendered treatment differently . (3). Lesbians explored and confirmed their gender identities by participating the women basketball teams . Key words：lesbian﹐basketball﹐patriarchy﹐masculine﹐gender diversity