職業婦女哺餵母乳之經驗

The breastfeeding experences of the employed mothers

楊秋鈴(Chiu-Ling Yang)

指導教授 ： 陳彰惠

高雄醫學大學/護理學院/護理學系研究所/碩士(2004年)

摘要

本研究之目的為探討職場婦女持續母乳哺餵的主觀經驗及分析
職場婦女持續哺乳之困境及因應行為，研究方法採現象學的質性研
究法，共深度訪談不同工作性質之職業婦女母乳哺餵六個月以上者
25 名、以及上班即中斷母乳哺餵或哺乳未滿三個月之職業婦女25
名，以錄音並轉成文字紀錄的方式後分析她們的主觀經驗。本研究成果依照本研究對象職業婦女母乳哺餵的經驗藉由本質、直觀、還原的方法統整為正向經驗、負向經驗、和因應之道三個類別。正向經驗歸納成泌/哺乳經驗美妙感受、可促進嬰幼兒的發展、母子共享溫馨時刻、和優質的支持網絡四個主題。負向經驗分為內在與外在困境，內在困境歸納為羈絆於哺乳角色無可取代、多重角色難以兼顧、脹奶和擠乳的不適三個主題，外在困境則歸納為缺乏專屬哺集乳空間、缺乏方便的哺集乳時間、缺乏支持性人際網絡三個主題。因應之道歸納成營造支持性人際網絡、增強個人哺乳信念與意志力、克服職場哺乳之不便、及維持最佳身心狀態四個主題。本研究結果提供臨床母育護理、護理教育及研究之參考。

關鍵字

現象學 ； 持續哺乳 ； 職場婦女

並列摘要

The purpose of the study was to understand the constraints and predicaments of the employed breastfeeding mothers. A phenomenological method was conducted. A purposive sample of 50 employed breastfeeding mothers from diverse working places wereinvited to participate in the study. All the participants interviews were tape recorded and then transcribed. The transcription of each participants oral description of breastfeeding experience was analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological methodology. Three categories including positive experiences, negative experiences, and the coping methods were derived form the analysis. Positive experiences included four themes:joyful feeling of lactation, benefits for infant growth, intimate interaction of mother-infant dyad, and supportive network. Negative experiences were divided into internal and external predicaments. Internal predicaments included three themes: irreplaceability of the breastfeeding friendly policies.III role, the burden of multiple roles, and the discomforts of breast fullnessand pumping. External predicaments contained lacking on-the-job breastfeeding room, lacking available breastfeeding time and lacking supportive network. These coping methods comprised seeking supportive
network, advancing personal belief and will, overcoming the inconvenience of on-the-job breastfeeding and maintaining the best condition of body and mind. Employers’ emerged attitudes toward breastfeeding comprised following government policy, considering costs,and expecting government’s subsidy. Health professionals can use the knowledge gained from this study to propose breastfeeding-careerwomen-friendly policies.

並列關鍵字

breastfeeding ； employment ； phenomenology

參考文獻

113

中文部份:

丁綺文(1991) ．母親的心理準備及支持． 中華民國小兒科醫學會雜誌，32（4），34-38。

王津勝（2002）．哺餵母乳之重要性． 母嬰親善醫院醫療機構認證研習會（2002.06.19），17-

22。