專利地圖及創新能量之探討─以紙與紙漿業為例

Patent Mapping and Innovation Capability: A case of Paper and Pulp Industry.

黃荔其(Li-Chi Huang)

指導教授 ： 林秋娟

共同指導教授 ： 李元德(Yuan-Te Li)

長榮大學/管理學院/經營管理研究所(博)/碩士(2010年)

摘要

近年來，企業強調智慧財產權的重要，專利是各國家產業競爭優勢的指標，專利數量不僅可證明企業本身具備多少，也可證明創新研發能力，政府藉由專利分析可以了解國家整個產業動態以及企業的研發團隊了解未來發展的方向，以避免重蹈覆轍、浪費資源。
台灣紙(漿)產業伴隨著台灣經濟成長，過去早已成為國內經濟發展主要製造產業之一，造紙產業屬於內需型產業，不但與經濟成長率有關，更是經濟景氣興衰的指標。台灣紙業歷經50年，尤其過去5至20年的快速成長，造就了今日的台灣造紙產業地位。
回顧過去的文獻，大多著重在電子產業的專利分析，本研究選擇紙與紙漿業作為研究的範圍，以可顯露的科技優勢指標 (RTA) 為專利分析的基礎，利用美國專利資料庫 (USPTO) 與Patent Guider 2008軟體工具進行專利資料之蒐集與分析。本研究分析1985年至2009年這25年間全球及台灣紙與紙漿業的專利數量的變化，以了解紙漿業創新研發能量的演變趨勢，重點在：1.全球與台灣的紙漿業專利數量；2.以RTA分析紙與紙漿業。
本研究結果顯示，紙與紙漿業相比，一直維持在穩定成長的狀態，即使在期間有些許下滑；反觀紙業，以台灣來說，2002年後已經呈現衰退期的走勢，原因可能是因為，近年來強調「綠環保」，台灣已經不能濫砍濫伐樹木，幾乎已經仰賴東南亞地區進口紙漿，以至於紙漿業在近幾年已沒有成長的狀態。

關鍵字

專利 ； 紙與紙漿業 ； 可顯露的科技優勢指標 ； 美國專利資料

並列摘要

In recent years, enterprises have been emphasizing the importance of intellectual property. Patents can serve as an index of industrial competitiveness of a country. The number of patents will not only show how many patents an enterprise possesses, but also demonstrate its innovation and R&D ability. With patent analysis, a government can understand the industrial dynamics of the nation, and the R&D team of an enterprise can know about the direction for future development, so as to avoid redundant development and resource waste.
The paper (pulp) industry of Taiwan has long become one of the major domestic manufacturing industries along with the economic development of Taiwan. Paper industry is an industry of domestic demand, which is not only related to economic development rate, but also an index of the economic status. With the last 50 years, especially the last 5~20 years of rapid development, the paper industry of Taiwan attains its current position.
The review of the past literature reveals that such literature mainly focus on the patent analysis of electronic industry. The study chooses paper and pulp as the study scope. Based on the index of Revealed Technological Advantage (RTA), the patent analysis utilizes the USPTO and Patent Guider 2008 to collection and analyzes the patent data. The study analyzes the changes in patent numbers of paper and pulp industry in Taiwan and in the world, so as to understand the evolution trend of the innovation and R&D power of the pulp industry. The emphasis is given to: 1. patent numbers of global and Taiwan pulp industry; 2. analysis of paper/pulp industry with RTA.
The result of the study reveals that the pulp industry has been steadily growing, although with some decrease in certain period; while the paper industry, take Taiwan as an example, has been declining since 2002, with the possible reasons being that wood cutting in Taiwan has been prohibited due to green environment protection in recently years, and the pulp has to depend on import from the Southeast Asian areas, thus the pulp industry has stopped growing in recent years.

並列關鍵字

Patent ； Paper/Pulp industry ； revealed technological advantage ； USPTO

參考文獻

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