知識密集型服務業的創新保護模式探討-以資訊服務業為例

Innovation protection in Knowledge-Intensive Business Services: The Case Study of IT Services

孫禎罄(Chen-Ching Sun)

指導教授 ： 張元杰

國立清華大學/科技管理學院/科技管理研究所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2015.00611

摘要

隨著資訊科技與科技新思維的快速發展，讓訊息的傳遞、媒介、累積越來快速，也讓整個產業、企業邁入了知識經濟的新時代，不僅產業結構的發展趨勢逐步地由製造業、傳統服務業，延伸至知識密集型服務業，知識與資訊更成為企業創新、提高價值的重要來源之一。

既然知識與創新是企業保有其長期競爭優勢的來源之一，尤其，資訊科技的快速發展，讓知識的流動更加快速，在創新與知識保護上就更顯得重要，然而過去的知識保護與創新保護均著重在製造業與傳統服務業的保護模式上，不僅缺乏知識密集型服務業或特定產業的實證性研究，也鮮少透過知識觀點、種類來探討保護方式。故本研究延伸知識的觀點，將知識分為商品知識、管理知識、顧客知識與其他知識四類，並透過探索式研究的實務驗證方式，來找出不同知識種類所對應的正式與非正式保護機制，藉以提供知識密集型服務業新的保護模式觀點與實務建議。

本研究所建立的知識密集型服務業的創新保護模式，有一部分與過去文獻所提出的創新保護方式相符，其中最大差異之處，在於過去文獻在保護機制上並無探討到顧客端的知識保護，但是從服務提供的觀點裡，顧客知識也是重要的創新來源之一。因此，在本研究發現中，除了商品與管理知識的保護外，顧客知識的保護更是影響企業長期競爭優勢的關鍵。

關鍵字

知識密集型服務業 ； 創新保護模式 ； 知識保護 ； 知識種類

並列摘要

With the rapid development of technology and trend, not only let deliver and accumulation of information and knowledge become faster and faster, but also help industry, companies enter a new era of knowledge economy. When industrial structure gradually changes from manufacturing, traditional service to the knowledge-intensive business service (KIBS), knowledge and information have become the source of innovation and company’s competitive advantage.

With the rapid development in information technology industry, knowledge flows more quickly and hard to preserve. Therefore, it’s very more important to protect innovation and knowledge. However, in previous studies, knowledge protection and innovation protection are focused on manufacturing and traditional service. These protection patterns and way in previous not only lack empirical research or specific industry in KIBS industry but also seldomly dicuss knowledge view and knowledge type. So, this research expands the perspective of knowledge and classifites knowledge into product knowledge, management knowledge, customer knowledge and other knowledge. This research try to find formal and informal protection mechanisms with different types of knowledge by exploratory research to provide knowledge-intensive business service a new perspectives and practical prorection patterns.

We found that this prorection patterns have same opinion in literature, however, one of the biggest difference is we discuss the protection of customer knowledge, that’s rarely mentioned before. Especially, in the perspective of services, customer knowledge is very important source of innovation. Therefore, we found that beside the protection of product knowledge and management knowledge, protection of customer knowledge is the key if company wants to sustain its long-term impact competitive advantage.

並列關鍵字

KIBS ； Innovation protection ； knowledge protection ； knowledge types

參考文獻

83. 陳秀霞(2008)。知識服務創新營運模式之研究─以資策會資訊資料服務中心為例。

81. 何秀青, & 黎綺雯. (2011). 服務創新的發展與策略性定位: 談知識密集商業服務. 臺灣經濟研究月刊, 34(8), 16-26.

3. 國家發展委員會-綜合計劃處。http://www.ndc.gov.tw/

18. Cohen, W. M., Nelson, R. R., & Walsh, J. P. (2000). Protecting their intellectual assets: Appropriability conditions and why US manufacturing firms patent (or not) (No. w7552). National Bureau of Economic Research

2. Alavi, M., & Leidner, D. E. (2001). Review: Knowledge management and knowledge management systems: Conceptual foundations and research issues. MIS quarterly, 107-136.