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  • 學位論文

慢性疲勞工作者的壓力心理生理反應: 控制源與知覺控制性的影響

Psychophysiological responses under stress of chronic fatigued workers: The effects of locus of control and perceived controllability.

指導教授 : 洪福建
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摘要


疲勞為日趨嚴重的問題,對個體的身心與生活功能上均造成很大的困擾。慢性疲勞症候群(chronic fatigue syndrome)的患者常主訴持續性的疲勞、虛弱或無力,但有往往無法發現有明顯的器質性病因。過去研究建議以生理-心理-社會(biopsychosocial)的觀點探討慢性壓力與CFS之間的關連。本研究回顧慢性疲勞的生理機制與心理相關特質,奠基於HPA軸與SAM軸間失衡的現象,以及控制源信念的概念,欲針對職場的嚴重疲勞工作者探討其性格與知覺情境壓力對於壓力心理生理反應的影響。研究以問卷測量受試者的疲勞症狀、生活功能、工作態度與控制源傾向,運用噪音-認知典範(noise-cognitive paradigm)為實驗操弄,測量交感神經(HR、BVP、SC)的壓力反應與恢復能力。研究結果發現疲勞工作者的壓力反應率與一般健康工作者無異,然而其恢復率顯著低於健康工作者。另外,控制源性格因素亦影響壓力心理生理反應,外控傾向越高者其壓力心理生理反應越高,且當控制源信念與知覺到的壓力源可控制性不一致時,個體會產生越高的壓力反應。結論認為當個體知覺到自身控制信念與情境控制性不一致時,會激發較高的壓力心理生理反應,並於壓力過後仍延續激發,若長時間處於這樣的知覺不一致會使身體為了因應慢性壓力而調節HPA軸與SAM軸功能以穩定體內生物化學物質的平衡,但是另一方面由於過度的調節而產生失衡現象,HPA軸的鈍化會抑制SAM軸於壓力過後的恢復功能,使個體於壓力階段激發壓力心理生理反應以因應眼前壓力,但於壓力刺激結束後卻無法有效恢復至基礎水準,延長身體處於過度亢奮的狀態,耗損心理生理功能,使個體長期無法感受到有效放鬆,增加疲勞與壓力感受度。

並列摘要


Fatigue physically and psychologically causing great troubles in life for individuals has become a serious problem. People who suffer from chronic fatigue syndrome frequently complain about continuous tiredness, weakness or lack of strength, yet they are seldom able to discover apparent organic etiology. The research in the past focused on discussing the relationship between chronic stress and CFS from a biopsychosocial perspective. This study reviewed relevant characteristics of physiological mechanism and psychology, based on the unbalanced phenomenon between HPA axis and SAM axis as well as the concept of belief in locus of control, in order to reveal how personality of workers with severe exhaustion at work and perceived situational pressure influence psychophysiological response to stress through the questionnaire examining respondents’ fatigue symptoms, life function, working attitude and tendency of locus of control where noise-cognitive paradigm is experimental manipulation for measuring the stress reaction and recovery capability of the sympathetic nerve (HR, BVP, SC). The consequence suggested that tired workers have no difference from normal health workers regarding stress reaction; however, their recovery capabilities are significantly worse than health workers. Moreover, locus of control character has impact on psychophysiological response to stress too that the more external locus of control a person has, the more psychophysiological response to stress he shows; additionally, individuals will have more stress reaction when belief in locus of control is not consistent with perceived stressor controllability. The study also found that when individuals perceive that their beliefs in control is not consistent with situational control, they are stimulated to have more psychophysiological response to stress, even until the stress is gone; their bodies under this condition too long will on the one hand adjust the function of HPA axis and SAM axis to chronic stress for stabilizing the balance of biochemical substances inside the bodies, yet on the other hand, lead to unbalanced situation due to over-adjustment that HPA axis inactivation will inhibit SAM axis from recovering after stress, and therefore extend hyperarousal state, damage psychophysiological functions, make individuals unable to relax over a long period of time, and increase the degree of tiredness and stress.

並列關鍵字

SC BVP controllability chronic fatigue syndromes locus of control HR

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被引用紀錄


楊于婷(2012)。自我效能與壓力相關疲勞:直接心理生理反應路徑與間接因應行為路徑的影響〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840%2fcycu201200044
許援珮(2011)。工作者之慢性疲勞、工作控制源對其工作效能之影響〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840%2fcycu201100527

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