出口貨櫃場儲位配置與出儲排序問題研究

Study of Storage Allocation and Retrieval Sequencing Problems in Export Container Yards

黃俊凱(Jyun-Kai Huang)

指導教授 ： 宮大川

中原大學/工學院/工業工程研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200600322

摘要

貨櫃的普及化是為了提高貨物運送的便捷，使貨物運送更能得到安全性、時效性與經濟性。在經濟全球化呈現加速趨勢的今天，其貿易商品的往來依賴運量大且經濟效益高的海洋運輸，更使得貨物運送貨櫃化的需求大增。基於此，為了因應貨櫃需求的日益增加，貨櫃儲放場與船舶也隨之擴大其儲存能量，使得單航次船舶之貨櫃量於港口的裝卸時間大幅增加，亦代表延長了船舶滯港裝卸的時間，因此如何提升貨櫃場的裝船作業效率，將是本文的研究重點。
而貨櫃場為了在現有土地上提高其儲存能量，大多採用高度堆疊的方式，因此具有高度堆疊功能的RMGC(Rail Mounted Gantry Crane)進行貨櫃裝卸的作業型態因而日漸被儲存場所採用。對於漸成主流的RMGC具有提高儲存容量的優點，但其大車缺乏機動性以及因儲區貨櫃高度堆疊而大幅降低RMGC於儲區貨櫃的可及性，因此不論貨櫃進儲作業亦或取櫃出儲作業均須藉由妥善的事前規劃，始能降低未來RMGC取櫃出儲時產生之不具生產力的貨櫃搬移動作。
本研究將分別針對兩作業進行探討，其一為在貨櫃進儲作業規劃階段探討單一航次每只貨櫃於儲位的規劃，在裝船順序未知的情形下，將貨櫃之重量與目的港作為評估準則，同時考量RMGC未來取櫃出儲的時效性，進行貨櫃儲位的規劃，有效減少未來RMGC取櫃出儲不具生產力的往復移動作業。另一為在取櫃出儲作業規劃階段進行RMGC取櫃作業的規劃，當船舶到港及獲知裝船順序的情況下，以裝船順序作為考量，針對儲區每只貨櫃堆疊狀況以及RMGC實際作業特性進行RMGC取櫃順序與方式的規劃，期使RMGC進行取櫃出儲作業時，能夠有效降低出儲作業時間。

關鍵字

貨櫃儲位規劃 ； 出口貨櫃 ； 門式起重機 ； 取櫃方式規劃

並列摘要

Popularization of containers is to improve the convenience of transporting goods. It also guarantees that the goods can be transferred in safe, efficient and economical ways. Nowadays, the globalization of economic speeds up day by day; the exchanges of trading goods depend much on the marine transportation which makes a high demand for efficient container transportation. Because of the container yards and vessels’ expansion in their capacities, it results in a longer time for every single voyage vessel to stay at the port and to load and unload goods. Hence, the objective of this research is to improve the operation efficiency of the container yard.
In order to raise the capacity of limited container yard space, it is common to stack up containers. The RMGC (Rail Mounted Gantry Crane) which can offer higher capacity have been gradually adopted at existing yard spaces. Although the mainstream RMGC is superior in raising storage capacity, yet the RMGC’s lack of mobility makes itself unable to pick containers at every corner of the site. As a result, all the operations of stacking container in the yard and of picking container to load onto vessels must be appropriately scheduled to reduce unnecessary shifting movements.
This research discusses two issues. The first issue is the plan of the allocation of container slots in the stage of stacking container. Under the circumstances that the loading sequence to vessel is unknown, it takes the weight of the container and destination port into account. At the same time, to plan the allocation of slots is also to increase the efficiency of picking containers, which reduces unnecessary shifting movement in the future. The second issue is the discussion of the design of the routing sequence of RMGC at the stage from picking container to load onto vessels. Under the situation that the loading sequence is based on the situation of each container and real operating characteristic, and the RMGC picking sequence is also programmed accordingly to the stacking situation, this will reduce the total vessel operation time.

並列關鍵字

RMGC ； export container ； container picking sequences ； container slot allocation

參考文獻

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