足部是人體活動最主要的肢體,足部軟組織扮演著吸收能量和減低負載的角色,相同的穿著鞋內墊也能達到這種效果。足底壓力的分佈跟鞋內墊幾何外型與材質有關,而鞋內墊是臨床上減低足壓常採用的一個保守治療方法。而針對個人腳形製作的全觸式鞋內墊能夠達到較理想的減壓效果,同時能降低足部骨骼內部應力,也降低其他足部病症的發生機率。 本研究利用有限元素分析方式來探討人體於站立時期,經由穿著不同的鞋內墊外型與材質觀察足部的生物力學行為。而軟組織的力學性質是影響整體足壓大小的關鍵,為了使研究的分析結果更接近實驗數值,軟組織力學性質量測利用實驗室所開發的軟組織力量位移量測器取得,再利用曲線模擬的方式得知分析所需材料參數,最後將分析所得結果與實驗進行驗證。分析結果與實驗證實全觸式鞋內墊確實能達到良好的減壓功效,增加接觸面積使得高壓力區域能夠有效的分散,對於骨骼內部應力也能夠降低。同時發現應力分佈及轉移與足壓分佈有相同的趨勢,足弓內側高度也比裸足要來的高,可降低足底筋膜受拉傷的風險。對於結果的量化數據可供臨床醫師與輔具製作人員以及從事生物力學相關人員研究之參考。
The foot is the human activity main limbs, the role whose plantar soft tissue absorbed energy and decreased loading of body and is the same as insole. Plantar pressure distribution relate to geometry and material of the insole. Insole is usually a conservative treatment in clinic to reducing plantar pressure. However, the total contact insole made from person to person can perfectly reduce plantar pressure, stress within the skeleton of foot and the possibility of foot disease. The objective of this research use finite element analysis to investigate the biomechanics behavior of the foot for the purpose of different insole geometry and material during standing phase. However, the mechanics of soft tissue is the critical in influencing the whole plantar pressure. We use an instrument to measure the load and displacement relationship of heel pad that development by our laboratory to measure mechanics of soft tissue in order to approach approximately to the experiment data. Then make use of the curve fitting to obtain material parameter that necessary of analysis. Finally, the result and experiment will be verified. Analysis and experiment results were confirmed that the total contact insole could reduce plantar pressure and stress within the skeleton of foot effectively for all regions, increase contact area and transfer the pressure. Furthermore, the stress distribution and shift has the same trend with the plantar pressure, the medial arch was much higher than the barefoot that can be reduce the possibility of plantar fascia injured. The quantization data of result can provide for the clinician, footwear designer and the relevant staff of biomechanics study.