自然團粒土噴植工法於崩塌地生態復育穩坡成效與機理探討

Effectiveness and Mechanism Studies of Eco-Vegetation with Hydroseeding Technology for Slope Stabilization

王正皓(Zheng-Hao Wang)

指導教授 ： 張達德

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400754

摘要

崩塌地係指土體因受重力作用，而發生下滑或崩塌之塊體運動現象。傳統的土木工法為利用擋土牆固坡、噴凝土護坡…等護坡工法，無法有效排除地表逕流與自然環境結合，致使累積過多水分使坡體滑動、崩塌。
本研究藉由現地施作與室內試驗(草木種混播)來探討植生穩坡效益，判斷植生前期的生長狀況是否依保水劑和泥炭土的比例、客土層厚度以及種子量配比不同而有所差異，例如土壤酸鹼性(pH值)、保水程度(保水劑量)、種子量、覆蓋率、株高…等。探究植生前期如何快速建立新的再生表土於崩塌地，使崩塌地達到植生穩坡的成效；植生後期的木本生長狀況更是使崩塌地恢復林態的重要因素之一。
本研究依據調整噴植基材的比例對原土質pH值變化趨勢，找出最佳適合植生生長配比為重點方向。在試驗期(105天)結束後，因基材配比不同，各試驗(植生箱)先後達到預期成果，如植生覆蓋率達到85%的天數、草本平均株高、木本發芽株數…等。
由此試驗所得結果，相思樹種(豆科)與黑麥草種(禾本科)藉由團粒劑的團粒作用混播，不論是現地施作與室內試驗的植生生長狀況，皆顯示在短期內能達到崩塌地復育目的和排除地表逕流(穩坡)的效果。另外在植生期間根據當地的氣候狀況及環境變化，調整植生內容以利設計種子能順利在邊坡上萌芽、生根、成株、林化，植生管理是相當重要的一環。

關鍵字

植生工法 ； 泥炭土 ； 崩塌地 ； 木本植物 ； 團粒劑 ； 保水劑

並列摘要

Landslides means the soil influenced by gravity, while the collapse of block movement phenomenon. The traditional methods of civil engineering for slope protection are retaining walls reinforcement, shotcrete revetment and so on. They can not excluded run-off to combine with natural environment, cause the slope collapse by accumulated too much water.
This study discuss the effectiveness of vegetated slope stability on the basis of condition at work site and laboratory tests (mixed with different type of vegetation). During the early days of vegetation, some difference in vegetation grow status depends on peat soil, soil thickness, numbers of seeds, coverage, the height of vegetation and so on. To research how could vegetation regenerate topsoil quickly to stabilize the place of landslide. The grow status of woody vegetation in later period is one of the factor to restore and stabilize the place of landslide.
By the experimental results, adjust the ratio of hydroseeding material can make the soil pH slightly different, so one of the main point in this study is to find the best proportion of hydroseeding material. After the test (105 days), each test has reached the expected results, such as which day 85% of coverage, average height of herbaceous, plants of woody germination and so on.
The test result show that no matter the grow environment is either indoor laboratory test or outdoor at the work site, Acacia confuse Merr. and Lolium perenne, mixture by aggregating agent can stabilize slope in short term. On the other hand, vegetation management is very important part during the vegetation term, according to climate and environmental to adjust material of vegetation germinating, make the seed can germinate, grow and forestation.

並列關鍵字

Landslide area ； Vegatation engineering ； peat soil ； super absorbent polymer ； woody plants ； aggregating agent

參考文獻

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