傳統大木匠師梁紹英廟宇作品之研究

宗教建築係精緻建築文化的表徵，在籌神的心態下，人們將當時代最佳的工匠、最好的材料、最優的技術用之於宗教建築的營建上。台灣廟宇亦如是，其不僅是當時代建築技術的精華，亦是當時代價值觀及審美觀的體現，透過空間、造型、構造及裝飾的分析，實可解析出時代特色。梁紹英匠師生於民國22年(1933)，十七歲師承其父梁錦祥學習傳統大木作，屬大木匠師徐清派下。其廟宇作品多達百餘座，執業範圍遍及台澎各地，構造類型包括木構、木構與鋼筋混凝土混構、鋼筋混凝土構，可謂台灣廟宇建築的活字典。本文由空間格局、造型式樣、裝飾三面向切入，以民國40年（1951）至90年（2001）間梁紹英匠師作品為對象，希望能透過其廟宇作品之研究，解析出梁紹英匠師所設計的台灣廟宇的空間格局、構架材料、外觀樣式的演化過程，期能藉此建構廟宇發展史料。

關鍵字

台灣傳統廟宇；大木匠師；梁紹英；空間格局；建築材料；構造

並列摘要

The religious architecture is emblem culture of architecture, because in most past cultures, the best way to offer thanks to the god that people are builded the religious architecture by the best craftsmen, the best materials and the best technology in any community. The temple in Taiwan is not only the essence of the era building technology, the temple in Taiwan is also reflected the values and aesthetics in the times through space, shape structure and decoration analysis, you may parse out the real characteristics of the times. The carpenter master: Liang Shao-ying was born in 1933, he was studying under his father:Liang Jin-Xiang about traditional wooden when he was 17 years old. He was part of Traditional Master Carpenter of Xu Qing. He work up to hundreds of temples, scope of practice throughout Taiwan, Penghu. His constructed types include wooden structure, wooden and concrete mixed structure, reinforced concrete structure. He is , as it were , a walking dictionary on temple of Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to investigate the spatial pattern, the shape pattern and the decorations. Furthermore, in this thesis will describe and analys how evolution of Taiwan temples. From review of the works by the spatial pattern, the architecture materials and the appearance of style with Liang Shao-ying between 1951-2001, we can obtain the historical development of temples.